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Real Number System

Class 9th Mathematics Term 3 Tamilnadu Board Solution
Exercise 1.1
  1. root 8 x root 6 Identify which of the following are surds and which are not…
  2. root 90 Identify which of the following are surds and which are not with…
  3. root 180 x root 5 Identify which of the following are surds and which are not…
  4. 4 root 5 / root 8 Identify which of the following are surds and which are not…
  5. cube root 4 x cube root 16 Identify which of the following are surds and which…
  6. (10+ 3)(2 + 5) Simplify
  7. (root 5 + root 3)^2 Simplify
  8. (root 13 - root 2) (root 13 + root 2) Simplify
  9. (8 + root 3) (8 - root 3) Simplify
  10. 5 root 75+8 root 108 - 1/2 root 48 Simplify the following.
  11. 7 root 2+6 cube root 16 - cube root 54 Simplify the following.
  12. 4 root 72+8 root 50-7 root 128 Simplify the following.
  13. 2 cube root 40+3 cube root 625-4 cube root 320 Simplify the following.…
  14. cube root 108 Express the following surds in its simplest form.
  15. root 98 Express the following surds in its simplest form.
  16. root 192 Express the following surds in its simplest form.
  17. cube root 625 Express the following surds in its simplest form.
  18. 6 root 5 Express the following as pure surds.
  19. 5 cube root 4 Express the following as pure surds.
  20. 3 root [4]5 Express the following as pure surds.
  21. 3/4 root 8 Express the following as pure surds.
  22. root 5 x root 18 Simplify the following.
  23. cube root 7 x cube root 8 Simplify the following.
  24. root [4]8 x root [4]12 Simplify the following.
  25. cube root 3 x cube root 5 Simplify the following.
  26. root 2 cube root 3 Which is greater ?
  27. Which is greater ?
  28. root 3 arroot [4]10 Which is greater ?
  29. root [4]5 , root 3 cube root 4 Arrange in descending and ascending order.…
  30. cube root 2 , cube root 4 , root [4]4 Arrange in descending and ascending…
  31. cube root 2 , root [9]4 , root [6]3 Arrange in descending and ascending order.…
Exercise 1.2
  1. 3 root 2 Write the rationalizing factor of the following.
  2. root 7 Write the rationalizing factor of the following.
  3. root 75 Write the rationalizing factor of the following.
  4. 2 cube root 5 Write the rationalizing factor of the following.
  5. 5-4 root 3 Write the rationalizing factor of the following.
  6. root 2 + root 3 Write the rationalizing factor of the following.
  7. root 5 - root 2 Write the rationalizing factor of the following.
  8. 2 + root 3 Write the rationalizing factor of the following.
  9. 3/root 5 Rationalize the denominator of the following
  10. 2/3 root 3 Rationalize the denominator of the following
  11. 1/root 12 Rationalize the denominator of the following
  12. 2 root 7/root 11 Rationalize the denominator of the following
  13. 3 cube root 5/cube root 9 Rationalize the denominator of the following…
  14. 1/11 + root 3 Simplify by rationalizing the denominator.
  15. 1/9+3 root 3 Simplify by rationalizing the denominator.
  16. 1/root 11 + root 13 Simplify by rationalizing the denominator.
  17. root 5+1/root 5-1 Simplify by rationalizing the denominator.
  18. 3 - root 3/2+5 root 3 Simplify by rationalizing the denominator.
  19. 1/root 2 Find the values of the following upto 3 decimal places. Given that √2≈…
  20. 6/root 3 Find the values of the following upto 3 decimal places. Given that √2≈…
  21. 5 - root 3/root 3 Find the values of the following upto 3 decimal places. Given…
  22. root 10 - root 5/root 2 Find the values of the following upto 3 decimal places.…
  23. 3 - root 5/3+2 root 5 Find the values of the following upto 3 decimal places.…
  24. root 5 + root 2/root 5 - root 2 Find the values of the following upto 3 decimal…
  25. root 3+1/root 3-1 Find the values of the following upto 3 decimal places. Given…
  26. 1/root 10 + root 5 Find the values of the following upto 3 decimal places.…
  27. If 5 + root 6/5 - root 6 = a+b root 6 find the values of a and b.…
  28. If (root 3+1)^2/4-2 root 3 = a+b root 3 find the values of a and b.…
  29. If root 5+1/root 3-1 + root 5-1/root 5+1 = a+b root 5 find the values of a and…
  30. If 4 + root 5/4 - root 3 - 4 - root 5/4 + root 5 = a+b root 5 find the values of…
  31. If x = 2 + root 3 find the values of x^2 + 1/x^2
  32. x = root 3+1 , find the values of (x - 2/x)^2
Exercise 1.3
  1. Using division algorithm, find the quotient and remainder of the following pairs.(i) 10, 3…
Exercise 1.4
  1. Which one of the following is not a surd?A. cube root 8 B. cube root 30 C. root…
  2. The simplest form of root 50 isA. 5 root 10 B. 5 root 2 C. 10 root 5 D. 25 root…
  3. root [4]11 is equal toA. root [8] 11^2 B. root [8] 11^4 C. root [8] 11^8 D. root…
  4. 2/root 2 is equal toA. 2 root 2 B. root 2 C. root 2/2 D. 2
  5. The rationlizing factor of 5/cube root 3 isA. cube root 6 B. cube root 3 C. cube…
  6. Which one of the following is not true?A. root 2 is an irrational number B. root…
  7. The order and radicand of the surd root [8]12 are respectivelyA. 8,12 B. 12,8 C.…
  8. The surd having radicand 9 and order 3 isA. root [9]3 B. cube root 27 C. cube…
  9. 5 cube root 3 represents the pure surdA. cube root 15 B. cube root 375 C. cube…
  10. Which one of the following is not true?A. root 2 is an irrational number B. If…
  11. Which one of the following is not true?A. When x is not a perfect square, root…
  12. (root 5-2) (root 5+2) is equal toA. 1 B. 3 C. 23 D. 21

Exercise 1.1
Question 1.

Identify which of the following are surds and which are not with reasons



Answer:

Given, √8 × √6


Need to find √8 × √6 is surd or not


⇒ we know √a × √b =


⇒ √8 × √6 can be written as



= 4√3, which is irrational number


⇒ since, 4√3 cannot be expressed as squares or cubes of any rational numbers


⇒ Hence, √8 × √6 is surd



Question 2.

Identify which of the following are surds and which are not with reasons



Answer:

Given,


Need to find is surd or not


⇒ we know √a × √b =


can be written as



⇒ 3 , which is irrational numbers


since, 3cannot be expressed as squares or cubes of any rational numbers


⇒ Hence, it is surd.



Question 3.

Identify which of the following are surds and which are not with reasons



Answer:

Given, × √5


Need to find × √5 is surd or not


⇒ we know √a × √b =


× √5 can be written as





= 2 × 3 × 5 = 30 which is not a irrational number as it can be expressed in squares form


Hence, it is not a surd



Question 4.

Identify which of the following are surds and which are not with reasons



Answer:

Given, 4√5 ÷ √8


Need to find 4√5 ÷ √8 is surd or not


⇒ we know √a ÷ √b =


⇒ 4√5 ÷ √8 can be written as



=


=


= is irrational number


since, cannot be expressed as squares or cubes of any rational numbers


⇒ Hence, it is surd.



Question 5.

Identify which of the following are surds and which are not with reasons



Answer:

Given, ∛4 ×


Need to find ∛4 × is surd or not


⇒ we know √a × √b =


⇒ ∛4 × can be written as



= 2× 2 × 2 = 8 is not irrational number as it can be expressed in cubes form


⇒ Hence, it is not a surd



Question 6.

Simplify
(10+ √3)(2 + √5)


Answer:

Given, (10+ √3)(2 + √5)


Need to simplify it


⇒ the given expression can be written in expanded form


⇒ 20+10√5 + 2√3 +(√3 × √5)


⇒ We know √a × √b =


= 20+10√5 + 2√3 +


Hence, (10+ √3)(2 + √5) is simplified into 20+10√5 + 2√3 +



Question 7.

Simplify



Answer:

Given, (√5+√3)2


Need to simplify it


⇒ we know that (a+b)2 = a2+2ab+b2


⇒ simplifying the given expression we get


⇒ (√5)2+2(√5)(√3)+ (√3)2


= 5+2+3


= 8+2


Hence, (√5+√3)2 is simplified into 8+2



Question 8.

Simplify



Answer:

Given, ( – √2) ( + √2)


Need to simplify it


⇒ we know that (a–b)(a+b) = a2 – b2


⇒ the given expression can be written in this form


⇒ ()2 –(√2)2


= 13 –2


= 11


Hence, ( – √2) ( + √2) is simplified into 11



Question 9.

Simplify



Answer:

Given, (8+√3) (8 – √3)


Need to simplify it


⇒ we know that (a–b)(a+b) = a2 – b2


⇒ the given expression can be written in this form


⇒ (8)2 –(√3)2


= 64–3


= 61


Hence, (8+√3) (8 – √3) is simplified into 61



Question 10.

Simplify the following.



Answer:

Given, 5 + 8


Need to simplify it


⇒ the given expression is written as follows


⇒ 5 + 8


= 25√3 + 48√3 – 2√3


= (25 +48 –2)√3


= 71√3


Hence, 5 + 8is simplified into 71√3



Question 11.

Simplify the following.



Answer:

Given, 7∛2 + 6


Need to simplify it


⇒ the given expression is written as follows


⇒ 7∛2 + 6


= 7∛2 + 12∛2 – 3∛2


= 16∛2


Hence, 7∛2 + 6 is simplified into 16∛2



Question 12.

Simplify the following.



Answer:

Given, 4√72 – √50 – 7√128


Need to simplify it


⇒ the given expression is written as follows


⇒ 4 – 7


= 24√2 –5√2 –56√2


= (24–5–56)√2


= –37√2


Hence, 4 – 7is simplified into –37√2



Question 13.

Simplify the following.



Answer:

Given


Need to simplify it


⇒ the given expression is written as follows


⇒ 2 + 3 – 4


⇒ 4∛5 +15∛5 – 16∛5


= (4 + 15 –16)∛5


= 3∛5


Hence, 2 + 3 – 4is simplified into 3∛5



Question 14.

Express the following surds in its simplest form.



Answer:

Given,


Need to simplify it


⇒ the given number can be written as follows



= 3∛4


Hence, is simplified into 3∛4



Question 15.

Express the following surds in its simplest form.



Answer:

Given,


Need to simplify it


⇒ the given number can be written as follows



= 7√2


Hence, is simplified into 7√2



Question 16.

Express the following surds in its simplest form.



Answer:

Given,


Need to simplify it


⇒ the given number can be written as follows



= 8√3


Hence, is simplified into 8√3



Question 17.

Express the following surds in its simplest form.



Answer:

Given,


Need to simplify it


⇒ the given number can be written as follows



= 5∛5


Hence, is simplified into 5∛5



Question 18.

Express the following as pure surds.



Answer:

Given, 6√5


Need to express it as pure surd


⇒ 6√5 can be expressed as (√6)2 .√5



=


=


is pure surd


∵ a surd with rational coefficient as unity is pure surd


Hence, 6√5 is expressed as pure surd



Question 19.

Express the following as pure surds.



Answer:

Given, 5∛4


Need to express it as pure surd


⇒ 5∛4 can be expressed as (∛5)3.∛4



=


=


∵ a surd with rational coefficient as unity is pure surd


is a pure surd


Hence, 5∛4 is expressed as pure surd



Question 20.

Express the following as pure surds.



Answer:

Given, 3∜5


Need to express it as pure surd


⇒ 3∜5 can be written as




=


∵ a surd with rational coefficient as unity is pure surd


is a pure surd


Hence, 3∜5 is expressed as pure surd



Question 21.

Express the following as pure surds.



Answer:

Given,


Need to express it as pure surd


can be expressed as follows




=


=


∵ a surd with rational coefficient as unity is pure surd


is pure surd


Hence, is expressed as pure surd



Question 22.

Simplify the following.



Answer:

Given, √5 ×


Need to simplify it


⇒ we know √a × √b =


⇒ √5 × can be written as



=


= 3


Hence, √5 × is simplified into 3



Question 23.

Simplify the following.



Answer:

Given, ∛7 × ∛8


Need to simplify it


⇒ we know √a × √b =


⇒ ∛7 × ∛8 can be expressed as



= 2∛7


Hence, ∛7 × ∛8 is simplified into 2∛7



Question 24.

Simplify the following.



Answer:

Given,∜8 ×


Need to simplify it


⇒ we know √a × √b =


⇒ ∜8 × can be expressed as




=


= 2∜6


Hence, ∜8 × is simplified into 2∜6



Question 25.

Simplify the following.



Answer:

Given, ∛3 ×


Need to simplify it


⇒ we know √a × √b =


⇒ ∛3 × can be expressed as



=


=


=


=


Hence, ∛3 × is simplified into



Question 26.

Which is greater ?



Answer:

Given, √2 or ∛3


Need to find the greater number


⇒ The order of the given irrational number is 2 and 3


⇒ now, we have to convert each irrational number into irrational number with same order


⇒ First we need to do the LCM of 2 and 3 is 6


⇒ now, each irrational number is converted into order of 6


⇒ √2 =


=


=


=


and


⇒ ∛3 =


=


=


=


is greater than


∴ ∛3 > √2


Hence, ∛3 is greater than √2



Question 27.

Which is greater ?



Answer:

Given, ∛3 or ∜4


Need to find the greater number


⇒ The order of the given irrational number is 3 and 4


⇒ now, we have to convert each irrational number into irrational number with same order


⇒ First we need to do the LCM of 3 and 4 is 12


⇒ now, each irrational number is converted into order of 12


⇒ ∛3 =


=


=


=


And


⇒ ∜4 =


=


=


=


=


is greater than


⇒ ∛3 is greater than ∜4


∴ ∛3 > ∜4


Hence, ∛3 is greater than ∜4



Question 28.

Which is greater ?



Answer:

Given, √3 or


Need to find the greater number


⇒ The order of the given irrational number is 2 and 4


⇒ now, we have to convert each irrational number into irrational number with same order


⇒ First we need to do the LCM of 2 and 4 is 4


⇒ now, each irrational number is converted into order of 4


⇒ √3 =


=


=


=


And



∴ the greater number between and is


>


> √3


Hence, is greater than √3



Question 29.

Arrange in descending and ascending order.



Answer:

Given, ∜5, √3 , ∛4


Need to arrange the given numbers in ascending and descending order


⇒ The order of the given irrational number is 4, 2 and 3 respectively.


⇒ now, we have to convert each irrational number into irrational number with same order


⇒ First we need to do the LCM of 4,2 and 3 is 12


⇒ now, each irrational number is converted into order of 12


⇒ ∜5 =


=


=


=


=


And


⇒ √3 =


=


=


=


And


⇒ ∛4 =


=


=


=


∴ Ascending order is ∜5, ∛4 , √3


∴ Descending order is √3, ∛4 , ∜5



Question 30.

Arrange in descending and ascending order.



Answer:

Given, ∛2, ∛4, ∜4


Need to arrange the given numbers in ascending and descending order


⇒ The order of the given irrational number is 3, 3 and 4 respectively.


⇒ now, we have to convert each irrational number into irrational number with same order


⇒ First we need to do the LCM of 3,3 and 4 is 12


⇒ now, each irrational number is converted into order of 12


⇒ ∛2 =


=


=


=


=


And


⇒ ∛4 =


=


=


=


And


⇒ ∜4 =


=


=


=


∴ Ascending order is ∛2, ∜4, ∛4


∴ Descending order is ∛4, ∜4, ∛2



Question 31.

Arrange in descending and ascending order.



Answer:

Given, ∛2, ,


Need to arrange the given numbers in ascending and descending order


⇒ The order of the given irrational number is 3, 9 and 6 respectively.


⇒ now, we have to convert each irrational number into irrational number with same order


⇒ First we need to do the LCM of 3, 9 and 6 is 18


⇒ now, each irrational number is converted into order of 18


⇒ ∛2 =


=


=


=


And


=


=


=


=


And


=


=


=


=


∴ Ascending order is , , ∛2


∴ Descending order is ∛2 ,




Exercise 1.2
Question 1.

Write the rationalizing factor of the following.



Answer:

Given, 3√2


Need to find the rationalizing factor


⇒ We know that if the product of two surds is rational then each is called a rationalizing factor of each other


⇒ 3√2 × √2 = (3)(√2)2 = 6 is rational number


Hence, rationalizing factor of 3√2 is √2



Question 2.

Write the rationalizing factor of the following.



Answer:

Given, √7


Need to find the rationalizing factor


⇒ We know that if the product of two surds is rational then each is called a rationalizing factor of each other


⇒ √7 × √7 = 7


∴ √7 is rationalizing factor



Question 3.

Write the rationalizing factor of the following.



Answer:

Given,


Need to find the rationalizing factor


⇒ We know that if the product of two surds is rational then each is called a rationalizing factor of each other


can be written as



× √3


⇒ (5)(3) = 15


Hence, √3 is rationalizing factor



Question 4.

Write the rationalizing factor of the following.



Answer:

Given, 2∛5


Need to find the rationalizing factor


⇒ We know that if the product of two surds is rational then each is called a rationalizing factor of each other


⇒ 2∛5 ×


= 2( )


= 2 ( )


= 2 (5) = 10 is rational number


Hence, is rationalizing factor



Question 5.

Write the rationalizing factor of the following.



Answer:

Given, 5–4√3


Need to find the rationalizing factor


⇒ We know that if the product of two surds is rational then each is called a rationalizing factor of each other


⇒ (5–4√3)(5+4√3)


⇒ 25+20√3–20√3–(16)(3)


= –23 is rational number


∴ Rationalizing factor of (5–4√3) is (5 + 4√3)



Question 6.

Write the rationalizing factor of the following.



Answer:

Given, √2 +√3


Need to find the rationalizing factor


⇒ We know that if the product of two surds is rational then each is called a rationalizing factor of each other


⇒ (√2 + √3)(√2 – √3)


= 4 –√6 + √6 –3


= 1 is a rational number


∴ Rationalizing factor of (√2 + √3) is (√2 – √3)



Question 7.

Write the rationalizing factor of the following.



Answer:

Given, √5 –√2


Need to find the rationalizing factor


⇒ We know that if the product of two surds is rational then each is called a rationalizing factor of each other


⇒ (√5 – √2)(√5 + √2)


= 25 + – 2


= 23 is a rational number


∴ Rationalizing factor of (√5 – √2) is (√5 + √2)



Question 8.

Write the rationalizing factor of the following.



Answer:

Given, 2 + √3


Need to find the rationalizing factor


⇒ We know that if the product of two surds is rational then each is called a rationalizing factor of each other


⇒ (2 + √3)(2– √3)


= 4 + 2√3 –2√3 –3


= 1 is a rational number


∴ Rationalizing factor of (2+√3) is (2 – √3)



Question 9.

Rationalize the denominator of the following



Answer:

Given,


Need to rationalize the denominator


⇒ To rationalize the denominator of we must multiply the number with its denominator as follows


×


=


=


Hence, rationalizing the denominator of we get



Question 10.

Rationalize the denominator of the following



Answer:

Given,


Need to rationalize the denominator


⇒ To rationalize the denominator of we must multiply the number with its denominator as follows


×


=


=


=


Hence, rationalizing the denominator of we get



Question 11.

Rationalize the denominator of the following



Answer:

Given,


Need to rationalize the denominator


⇒ To rationalize the denominator of we must multiply the number with its denominator as follows


⇒ here, can be written as 2√3


×


=


=


=


Hence, rationalizing the denominator of we get



Question 12.

Rationalize the denominator of the following



Answer:

Given,


Need to rationalize the denominator


⇒ To rationalize the denominator of we must multiply the number with its denominator as follows


×


=


=


Hence, rationalizing the denominator of we get



Question 13.

Rationalize the denominator of the following



Answer:

Given,


Need to rationalize the denominator


⇒ To rationalize the denominator of we must multiply the number with its denominator as follows


×


=


⇒ Now, we can write 3 as =



=


=


=


=


Hence, rationalizing the denominator of we get



Question 14.

Simplify by rationalizing the denominator.



Answer:

Given,


Need to simplify by rationalizing denominator


⇒ To rationalize the denominator of we must multiply the number with its denominator as follows


×


=


⇒ we know the denominator is in the form of a2–b2 = (a+b)(a–b)


=


=


Hence, is simplified by rationalizing denominator as



Question 15.

Simplify by rationalizing the denominator.



Answer:

Given,


Need to simplify by rationalizing denominator


⇒ To rationalize the denominator of we must multiply the number with its denominator as follows


×


=


⇒ we know the denominator is in the form of a2–b2 = (a+b)(a–b)


=


=


=


Hence, is simplified by rationalizing denominator as



Question 16.

Simplify by rationalizing the denominator.



Answer:

Given,


Need to simplify by rationalizing denominator


⇒ To rationalize the denominator of we must multiply the number with its denominator as follows


can be written as


×


=


⇒ we know the denominator is in the form of a2–b2 = (a+b)(a–b)


=


=


Hence, is simplified by rationalizing denominator as



Question 17.

Simplify by rationalizing the denominator.



Answer:

Given,


Need to simplify by rationalizing denominator


⇒ To rationalize the denominator of we must multiply the number with its denominator as follows


×


=


⇒ we know that numerator is in the form of (a+b)2 = a2+2ab+b2


⇒ we know the denominator is in the form of a2–b2 = (a+b)(a–b)


=


=


=


=


Hence, is simplified by rationalizing denominator as



Question 18.

Simplify by rationalizing the denominator.



Answer:

Given,


Need to simplify by rationalizing denominator


⇒ To rationalize the denominator of we must multiply the number with its denominator as follows


×


⇒ we know the denominator is in the form of a2–b2 = (a+b)(a–b)


=


=


=


=


=


Hence, is simplified by rationalizing denominator as



Question 19.

Find the values of the following upto 3 decimal places. Given that √2≈ 1.414, √3 ≈ 1.732, √5 ≈ 2.236, √10 ≈ 3.162.



Answer:

Given,


Need to find the values upto 3 decimal places


⇒ substitute the value of √2 1.414



= 0.707


Hence, the value of is 0.707



Question 20.

Find the values of the following upto 3 decimal places. Given that √2≈ 1.414, √3 ≈ 1.732, √5 ≈ 2.236, √10 ≈ 3.162.



Answer:

Given,


Need to find the values upto 3 decimal places


⇒ substitute the value of √3 1.732



= 3.46


Hence, the value of is 3.46



Question 21.

Find the values of the following upto 3 decimal places. Given that √2≈ 1.414, √3 ≈ 1.732, √5 ≈ 2.236, √10 ≈ 3.162.



Answer:

Given,


Need to find the values upto 3 decimal places


⇒ substitute the value of √3 1.732



= 1.887


Hence, the value of is 1.887



Question 22.

Find the values of the following upto 3 decimal places. Given that √2≈ 1.414, √3 ≈ 1.732, √5 ≈ 2.236, √10 ≈ 3.162.



Answer:

Given,


Need to find the values upto 3 decimal places


⇒ Substitute the value of √5 2.236, √10 3.162 and


√2 1.414



=


=


= 0.655


Hence, the value of is 0.655



Question 23.

Find the values of the following upto 3 decimal places. Given that √2≈ 1.414, √3 ≈ 1.732, √5 ≈ 2.236, √10 ≈ 3.162.



Answer:

Given,


Need to find the values upto 3 decimal places


⇒ Substitute the value of √5 2.236, √2 1.414



=


=


=


= 0.1022


Hence, the value of is 0.1022



Question 24.

Find the values of the following upto 3 decimal places. Given that √2≈ 1.414, √3 ≈ 1.732, √5 ≈ 2.236, √10 ≈ 3.162.



Answer:

Given,


Need to find the values upto 3 decimal places


⇒ Substitute the value of √5 2.236, √2 1.414



=


=


= 4.441


Hence, the value of is 4.441



Question 25.

Find the values of the following upto 3 decimal places. Given that √2≈ 1.414, √3 ≈ 1.732, √5 ≈ 2.236, √10 ≈ 3.162.



Answer:

Given,


Need to find the values upto 3 decimal places


⇒ Substitute the value of √3 1.732



=


=


= 3.732


Hence, the value of is 3.732



Question 26.

Find the values of the following upto 3 decimal places. Given that √2≈ 1.414, √3 ≈ 1.732, √5 ≈ 2.236, √10 ≈ 3.162.



Answer:

Given,


Need to find the values upto 3 decimal places


⇒ Substitute the value of √5 2.236, √10 3.162



=


=


= 0.1854


Hence, the value of is 0.1854



Question 27.

If find the values of a and b.


Answer:

Given, = a+b√6


Need to find the value of a and b


⇒ Now, we can find by rationalizing the denominator


⇒ Since, we know to rationalize the denominator of we must multiply the number with its denominator as follows


×


=


∵ we know that numerator is in the form of (a+b)2 = a2+2ab+b2


And denominator in the form of a2–b2 = (a+b)(a–b)



=


= +


∴ a = and b =



Question 28.

If find the values of a and b.


Answer:

Given, = a+b√3


Need to find the value of a and b


⇒ Now, we can find by rationalizing the denominator


⇒ Since, we know to rationalize the denominator of we must multiply the number with its denominator as follows


×


=


=


=


=


=


=


=


= 7+4√ 3


∴ 7+4√3 = a+b√3


Hence, the value of a = 7 and b = 4



Question 29.

If find the values of a and b.


Answer:

Given, + = a+b√5


Need to find the value of a and b


⇒ ⇒ Now, we can find by rationalizing the denominator


⇒ Since, we know to rationalize the denominator of + we must multiply the number with its denominator as follows


⇒( × )+( × )


= +


= +


= +


=


=


= 3


∴ a = 3 b = 0



Question 30.

If find the values of a and b.


Answer:

Given, = a+b√5


Need to find the value of a and b


⇒ ⇒ Now, we can find by rationalizing the denominator


⇒ Since, we know to rationalize the denominator of we must multiply the number with its denominator as follows


⇒( × )–( × )


=


=


=


=


=


= a+b√5


Hence, the value of a = 0 and b =



Question 31.

If find the values of


Answer:

Given, x= 2 + √3


Need to find the values of +


⇒ By substituting the given values of x in the equation we get


⇒ x2 = (2+√3)2 = 4+2(2)(√3)+(3) = 7+4√3


=


=


⇒ By rationalizing method we can write as


×


=


=


=


= 7–4√3


+ = 7+4√3+7–4√3


= 14


Hence, the value of + is 14



Question 32.

, find the values of


Answer:

Given, x = √3 +1


Need to find the value of


=


= ×


=


=


= √3 –1


= ((√3 +1) –(√3–1))2


= (√3+1–√3+1)2


= 4


Hence, the value of is 4




Exercise 1.3
Question 1.

Using division algorithm, find the quotient and remainder of the following pairs.

(i) 10, 3 (ii) 5, 12 (iii) 27, 3


Answer:

(i) 10,3


We write the given pair in the form a = bq + r, 0 r<b as follows.


10 = 3(3) + 1[3 divides 10 three time and leaves the remainder 1]


quotient = 3; remainder = 1


(ii) 5,12


We write the given pair in the form a = bq + r, 0 r<b as follows.


5 = 12(0) + 5 [12 divides 5 Zero time and leaves the remainder 5]


quotient = 0; remainder = 5


(iii) 27,3


We write the given pair in the form a = bq + r, 0 r<b as follows.


27 = 3(9) + 0 [3 divides 27 Nine time and leaves the remainder 1]


quotient = 3; remainder = 0




Exercise 1.4
Question 1.

Which one of the following is not a surd?
A.

B.

C.

D.


Answer:

As we know


surd is a number in which we cant remove its square root(cube root …etc)


A. = = 2 is not surd


B. cant be simplified hence surd


C. cannot be simplified hence surd


cannot be simplified hence surd


Hence A is the answer.


Question 2.

The simplest form of is
A.

B.

C.

D.


Answer:

On simplification




=


Hence B is the answer


Question 3.

is equal to
A.

B.

C.

D.


Answer:

On Simplification




=


=


Hence A is the answer


Question 4.

is equal to
A.

B.

C.

D. 2


Answer:

On rationalizing


=


=



Hence B is the answer


Question 5.

The rationlizing factor of is
A.

B.

C.

D.


Answer:

As we know


Prime factorization of 27 = 3


=


=


Hence C is the answer


Question 6.

Which one of the following is not true?
A. is an irrational number

B. is an irrational number

C. 0.10110011100011110… is an irrational number

D. is an irrational number


Answer:

As we know an irrational number are those number which cannot be represented in a simple fraction


A. √2 cannot be represent in simple fraction hence it is an irrational number


Hence A is true


B. √17 cannot be represent in simple fraction hence it is an irrational number


Hence B is true


C. 0.10110011100011110….cannot be represent in simple fraction hence it is a irrational number . Hence C is true


D. on simplification


=


Hence is rational number and not irrational.


Hence D is the right answer


Question 7.

The order and radicand of the surd are respectively
A. 8,12

B. 12,8

C. 16,12

D. 12,16


Answer:

As we know


here a is the order of surd and n is the radicand


order = 8


Radicand = 12


A is the answer


Question 8.

The surd having radicand 9 and order 3 is
A.

B.

C.

D.


Answer:

As we know


here a is the order of surd and n is the radicand



Hence C is the option


Question 9.

represents the pure surd
A.

B.

C.

D.


Answer:


Which is B


Hence B is the answer


Question 10.

Which one of the following is not true?
A. is an irrational number

B. If a is a rational number and is an irrational number

C. Every surd is an irrational number.

D. The square root of every positive integer is always irrational


Answer:

Option A is incorrect because √2 cannot be written in simple fraction.


hence is irrational number, hence true.


option B is incorrect as it can be written in simple form hence it is a rational number


And also √b cannot be written in simple form hence it is a irrational number


Option C


As we know surd is a number in which we cant remove its square root(cube root …etc) hence cannot represent, in simple fraction hence it is irrational number


Hence C is true


Option D


D is not true as square root of every positive integer is not always irrational


For example, square root of 4 is 2 which is rational number hence D is not true.


Hence D is the answer


Question 11.

Which one of the following is not true?
A. When x is not a perfect square, is an irrational number

B. The index form of

C. The radical form of

D. Every real number is an irrational number


Answer:

As in


Option A


As we know an irrational number are those number which cannot be represented in simple fraction


Hence they are not perfect square


For example 3 is not a perfect square


also is irrational number


hence A is true


option B


index form of number means power form


as


hence B is true


Option C


Radical form means surd form



Hence C is also true


Option D


It is not true that every real number is a rational number


For example 2 is real number but not irrational number


Hence D is not true


Hence D is the right answer


Question 12.

is equal to
A. 1

B. 3

C. 23

D. 21


Answer:

using identity


(a + b)(a-b) = a2 – b2


=


= (5-4)


= 1


Hence A is the answer.