Environmental Issues

Option b) is correct as eutrophication is the ecosystem response to the addition of artificial or natural substances in the water bodies.

Option a) is incorrect as water pollution is any chemical, physical or biological change in the water bodies that affects the aquatic life.

Option c) is incorrect as Air pollution is the contamination of the atmosphere by harmful and undesirable gases.

Option d) is also incorrect as it relates to the unpleasant and undesirable noise that is unpleasant and harmful.

Option a) is correct as it accounts to 70% of the air pollution coming from vehicles which are abundant.

Option b) is incorrect as it possesses little threat to the environment. And health of the people.

Option c) is incorrect it uses coal as its main ingredient which relatively lower than the availability of vehicles.

Option d) is incorrect as eutrophication is the ecosystem response to the addition of artificial or natural substances in the water bodies thereby hampering only the water bodies.

Option b) is the correct option because of its immense population that has increased rapidly from 300 million in 1947 to 1210 million at present.

Option a) is incorrect as it is not relevant with the statistical data’s available.

Option c) is incorrect as steps were taken to control the growth of population over time.

Option d) is incorrect as India has an amount of population which is large enough to exclude itself from this category.

Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies basically due to human activities like dumping, etc. due to the discharge of harmful wastes (both degradable and non-degradable) into the water bodies thereby harming the aquatic life.

The major air pollutants are-

a) carbon monoxide

b) lead

c) nitrogen dioxide

d) ozone

e) sulfur dioxide, etc.

Noise pollution is the irrelevant disturbing voice created by humans or by machines that disturbs humans and animals and environment on a whole.

The major causes of water pollution are-

a) sewage and waste water carrying disease causing agents such as bacteria, protozoa, etc. and organic compounds such as oil, plastics, etc. which hampers the aquatic life.

b) Eutrophication

c) Acid rain

d) Dumping of waste into water bodies.

e) Industrial waste

Bio diversity means the variability among plants, animals and all other life forms and the interaction between them which is usually considered to be desirable and important.

Bio medical waste are those wastes that contain infectious materials like blades, needles, glasses, and also radiation emitting equipment’s, etc. which has a tendency of causing injury if handled improperly and even long duration or permanent health damage.

When an electronic device loses its function, its discarded away even though it has a scope for recycling or disposal are termed as e-waste.

Acid rain is a result of air pollution that comes back to earth in the form of rain.

Here are the following effects of acid rain-

a) When they come down, some land up on the ocean thereby reaching the coral reefs, as a result many of the corals get destroyed.

b) It also affects the eco-system, these rain after entering the water bodies disturbs the environment of planktons in such a way that it can’t survive in the long run, as a result, all the organisms depending on the planktons to survive too dies off.

c) It also magnifies the temperature of the water bodies to such an extent that it affects the growth of coral reefs which are responsible for controlling the level of carbon dioxide in the water bodies.

d) It also destroys anything that it lands upon like forests, deserts, etc. resulting in the loss of bio diversity and extinction of rare species.

e) Also altering the acidity level of the soil, it affects the forest vegetation and the ecosystem on a whole.

Smog is derived from combining the words ‘smoke’ and ‘fog’ which causes a smoky dark atmosphere especially over cities decreasing visibility thereby creating haziness throughout the area.

The following are the effects of smog_

a) Smog result in many health problems like asthma, emphysema, chronic bronchitis and many other respiratory problems.

b) Causes eye irritation and decreases one’s resistance to colds and lung infection.

c) At ground levels, the ozone contained in smog can cause damage to crops and forests.

d) Agriculture too is affected by it.

a. Air pollution as we know is the contamination of air by the release of harmful substances into it with serious effect in the health and environment on a whole.

b. The source of it is both natural and man-made with the natural ones (liker the volcanic eruption) causing less to the environment as it as it does not occur in abundance and cause less threat. The man-made ones unlike the former causes greater threat by vehicular emissions, thermal power plants, industries and refineries with vehicular emissions causing the most damage which is 70% responsible for the country’s air pollution.

c. The emissions from the thermal plants releases such harmful gases like Sulphur oxide, carbon monoxide, etc. which hampers and remains in the Earth’s atmosphere for a very long period of time. Not only does it affect the environment, it also affects the human health by hampering the lungs along with shortening the life span of the living organisms also causing diseases like asthma, bronchitis, etc.