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Some Special Series

Class 11th Mathematics RS Aggarwal Solution
Exercise 13a
  1. (3n2 + 2n) Find the sum of the series whose nth term is given by:…
  2. n (n + 1) (n + 4) Find the sum of the series whose nth term is given by:…
  3. (4n3 + 6n2 + 2n) Find the sum of the series whose nth term is given by:…
  4. (3n2 – 3n + 2) Find the sum of the series whose nth term is given by:…
  5. (2n2 – 3n + 5) Find the sum of the series whose nth term is given by:…
  6. (n3 – 3n) Find the sum of the series whose nth term is given by:
  7. (22 + 42 + 62 + 82 + … to n terms) Find the sum of the series:
  8. (23 + 43 + 63 + 83 + … to n terms) Find the sum of the series:
  9. (52 + 62 + 72 + … + 202) Find the sum of the series:
  10. (1 × 2) + (2 × 3) + (3 × 4) + (4 × 5) + … to n terms Find the sum of the…
  11. (3 × 8) + (6 × 11) + (9 × 14) + … to n terms Find the sum of the series:…
  12. (1 × 22) + (2 × 32) + (3 × 42) + … to n terms Find the sum of the series:…
  13. (1 × 22) + (3 × 32) + (5 × 42) + … to n terms Find the sum of the series:…
  14. (3 × 12) + (5 × 22) + (7 × 32) + … to n terms Find the sum of the series:…
  15. (1 × 2 × 3) + (2 × 3 × 4) + (3 × 4 × 5) + … to n terms Find the sum of the…
  16. (1 × 2 × 4) + (2 × 3 × 7) + (3 × 4 × 10) + … to n terms Find the sum of the…
  17. …. To n terms Find the sum of the series:
  18. {1}/{ 1 x 2 } + frac {1}/{ 2 times 3 } + frac {1}/{ 3 times 4 } + l. s frac…
  19. {1}/{ ( 1 x 6 ) } + frac {1}/{ ( 6 times 11 ) } + frac {1}/{ ( 11 times 16 )…
  20. { 1^{3} }/{1} + frac { 1^{3} + 2^{3} }/{1+3} + frac { 1^{3} + 2^{3} + 3^{3}…
  21. 3 + 15 + 35 + 63 +...to n terms Find the sum of the series:
  22. 1 + 5 + 12 + 22 + 35 +... to n terms Find the sum of the series:
  23. 5 + 7 + 13 + 31 + 85 + …. To n terms Find the sum of the series:
  24. If s_{k} = { ( 1+2+3 + l. sk ) }/{k} , prove that,.
  25. If Sn denotes the sum of the cubes of the first n natural numbers and sn…
Exercise 13b
  1. Find the sum (2 + 4 + 6 + 8 +… + 100).
  2. Find the sum (41 + 42 + 43 + …. + 100).
  3. Find the sum 112 + 122 + 132+ …202
  4. Find the sum 63 + 73 + 83 + 93 + 103.
  5. If sum _ { k = 1 } ^{n}k = 210 , find the value of sum _ { k = 1 } ^{n}k^{2}…
  6. If sum _ { k = 1 } ^{n}k = 45 , find the value of sum _ { k = 1 } ^{n}k^{3} .…
  7. Find the sum of the series {22 + 42 + 62 + …. + (2n)2}
  8. Find the sum of 10 terms of the geometric series root {2} + sqrt{6} + sqrt{18}…
  9. Find the sum of n terms of the series whose rth term is (r + 2r).…

Exercise 13a
Question 1.

Find the sum of the series whose nth term is given by:

(3n2 + 2n)


Answer:

It is given in the question that the nth term of the series,


an = 3n2 + 2n


Now, we need to find the sum of this series, Sn.






Note:


I. Sum of first n natural numbers, 1 + 2 +3+…n,



II. Sum of squares of first n natural numbers, 12 + 22 + 32+….n2,



III. Sum of cubes of first n natural numbers, 13 + 23 + 33 +…..n3,



IV. Sum of a constant k, N times,



So, for the given series, we need to find,



From the above identities,




=


=


=


Hence, Sum of the series,



Question 2.

Find the sum of the series whose nth term is given by:

n (n + 1) (n + 4)


Answer:

It is given in the question that the nth term of the series,


an = n (n + 1) (n + 4)


Now, we need to find the sum of this series, Sn.




=


=


Note:


I. Sum of first n natural numbers, 1 + 2 +3+…n,



II. Sum of squares of first n natural numbers, 12 + 22 + 32+….n2,



III. Sum of cubes of first n natural numbers, 13 + 23 + 33 +…..n3,



IV. Sum of a constant k, N times,



So, for the given series, we need to find,



From the above identities,









Hence, the Sum of the series,



Question 3.

Find the sum of the series whose nth term is given by:

(4n3 + 6n2 + 2n)


Answer:

It is given in the question that the nth term of the series,


an = 4n3 + 6n2 + 2n


Now, we need to find the sum of this series, Sn.






Note:


I. Sum of first n natural numbers, 1 + 2 +3+…n,



II. Sum of squares of first n natural numbers, 12 + 22 + 32+….n2,



III. Sum of cubes of first n natural numbers, 13 + 23 + 33 +…..n3,



IV. Sum of a constant k, N times,



So, for the given series, we need to find,



From the above identities,








Hence, the Sum of the series,



Question 4.

Find the sum of the series whose nth term is given by:

(3n2 – 3n + 2)


Answer:

It is given in the question that the nth term of the series,


an = 3n2 – 3n + 2


Now, we need to find the sum of this series, Sn.






Note:


I. Sum of first n natural numbers, 1 + 2 +3+…n,



II. Sum of squares of first n natural numbers, 12 + 22 + 32+….n2,



III. Sum of cubes of first n natural numbers, 13 + 23 + 33 +…..n3,



IV. Sum of a constant k, N times,



So, for the given series, we need to find,





On simplifying,



Hence, the sum of the series,



Question 5.

Find the sum of the series whose nth term is given by:

(2n2 – 3n + 5)


Answer:

It is given in the question that the nth term of the series,


an = 2n2 – 3n + 5


Now, we need to find the sum of this series, Sn.






Note:


I. Sum of first n natural numbers, 1 + 2 +3+…n,



II. Sum of squares of first n natural numbers, 12 + 22 + 32+….n2,



III. Sum of cubes of first n natural numbers, 13 + 23 + 33 +…..n3,



IV. Sum of a constant k, N times,



So, for the given series, we need to find,







Hence, the sum of the series,



Question 6.

Find the sum of the series whose nth term is given by:

(n3 – 3n)


Answer:

It is given in the question that the nth term of the series,


an = n3 – 3n


Now, we need to find the sum of this series, Sn.





Note:


I. Sum of first n natural numbers, 1 + 2 +3+…n,



II. Sum of squares of first n natural numbers, 12 + 22 + 32+….n2,



III. Sum of cubes of first n natural numbers, 13 + 23 + 33 +…..n3,



IV. Sum of a constant k, N times,



So, for the given series, we need to find,



→ (1)


The second term in the equation,,


forms a GP, with the common ratio, r = 3.


Sum of n terms of a GP, a, ar, ar2, ar3…arn.



Here, a= 3, r = 3;


So,


→ (2)


Substitute (2) in (1);



Hence, the sum of the series,



Question 7.

Find the sum of the series:

(22 + 42 + 62 + 82 + … to n terms)


Answer:

In the given question we need to find the sum of the series.


For that, first, we need to find the nth term of the series so that we can use summation of the series with standard identities and get the required sum.


The series given is … 22 + 42 + 62 + 82 + … to n terms.


The series can be written as, [(2 x 1)2, (2 x 2)2,


(2 x 3)2… (2 x n)2].


So, nth term of the series,


an = (2n)2 = 4n2


Now, we need to find the sum of this series, Sn.





Note:


I. Sum of first n natural numbers, 1 + 2 +3+…n,



II. Sum of squares of first n natural numbers, 12 + 22 + 32+….n2,



III. Sum of cubes of first n natural numbers, 13 + 23 + 33 +…..n3,



IV. Sum of a constant k, N times,



So, for the given series, we need to find,



From, the above identities,






So, Sum of the series,



Question 8.

Find the sum of the series:

(23 + 43 + 63 + 83 + … to n terms)


Answer:

In the given question we need to find the sum of the series.


For that, first, we need to find the nth term of the series so that we can use summation of the series with standard identities and get the required sum.


The series given is … 23 + 43 + 63 + 83 + … to n terms.


The series can be written as, [(2 x 1)3, (2 x 2)3,


(2 x 3)3… (2 x n)3].


So, nth term of the series,


an = (2n)3 = 8n3


Now, we need to find the sum of this series, Sn.





Note:


I. Sum of first n natural numbers, 1 + 2 +3+…n,



II. Sum of squares of first n natural numbers, 12 + 22 + 32+….n2,



III. Sum of cubes of first n natural numbers, 13 + 23 + 33 +…..n3,



IV. Sum of a constant k, N times,



So, for the given series, we need to find,



From, the above identities,





So, Sum of the series,



Question 9.

Find the sum of the series:

(52 + 62 + 72 + … + 202)


Answer:

In the given question we need to find the sum of the series.


For that, first, we need to find the nth term of the series so that we can use summation of the series with standard identities and get the required sum.


The series given is 52, 62, 72 …202.


The series can be written as, [(1 + 4)2, (2 + 4)2, (3 + 4)2… (16 + 4)2].


So, nth term of the series,


an = (n + 4)2


With n = 16,


an = n2 + 8n + 16


Now, we need to find the sum of this series, Sn.





Note:


I. Sum of first n natural numbers, 1 + 2 +3+…n,



II. Sum of squares of first n natural numbers, 12 + 22 + 32+….n2,



III. Sum of cubes of first n natural numbers, 13 + 23 + 33 +…..n3,



IV. Sum of a constant k, N times,



So, for the given series, we need to find,



From, the above identities,




Here, n = 16 (from the question);



Sn = 2840


So, Sum of the series, Sn = 2840.



Question 10.

Find the sum of the series:

(1 × 2) + (2 × 3) + (3 × 4) + (4 × 5) + … to n terms


Answer:

In the given question we need to find the sum of the series.


For that, first, we need to find the nth term of the series so that we can use summation of the series with standard identities and get the required sum.


The series given is (1 × 2) + (2 × 3) + (3 × 4) + (4 × 5) + … to n terms.


The series can be written as, [(1 x (1 + 1)), (2 x (2 + 1)),


(3 x (3 + 1)),…(n x (n + 1))].


So, nth term of the series,


an = n (n + 1)


an = n2 + n


Now, we need to find the sum of this series, Sn.





Note:


V. Sum of first n natural numbers, 1 + 2 +3+…n,



VI. Sum of squares of first n natural numbers, 12 + 22 + 32+….n2,



VII. Sum of cubes of first n natural numbers, 13 + 23 + 33 +…..n3,



VIII. Sum of a constant k, N times,



So, for the given series, we need to find,



From, the above identities,






So, Sum of the series,



Question 11.

Find the sum of the series:

(3 × 8) + (6 × 11) + (9 × 14) + … to n terms


Answer:

In the given question we need to find the sum of the series.


For that, first, we need to find the nth term of the series so that we can use summation of the series with standard identities and get the required sum.


The series given is (3 × 8) + (6 × 11) + (9 × 14) + … to n terms.


The series can be written as, [(3 x 1) x (3 x 1 + 5)), (3 x 2) x (3 x 2 + 5))… (3n x (3n + 5))].


So, nth term of the series,


an = 3n (3n + 5)


an = 9n2 + 15n


Now, we need to find the sum of this series, Sn.




Note:


I. Sum of first n natural numbers, 1 + 2 +3+…n,



II. Sum of squares of first n natural numbers, 12 + 22 + 32+….n2,



III. Sum of cubes of first n natural numbers, 13 + 23 + 33 +…..n3,



IV. Sum of a constant k, N times,



So, for the given series, we need to find,



From, the above identities,






So, Sum of the series,



Question 12.

Find the sum of the series:

(1 × 22) + (2 × 32) + (3 × 42) + … to n terms


Answer:

In the given question we need to find the sum of the series.


For that, first, we need to find the nth term of the series so that we can use summation of the series with standard identities and get the required sum.


The series given is (1 × 22) + (2 × 32) + (3 × 42) + … to n terms.


The series can be written as, [(1 x (1 + 1)2), (2 x (2 + 1)2 … (n x (n + 1)2].


So, nth term of the series,


an = n (n + 1)2


an = n3 + 2n2 + n


Now, we need to find the sum of this series, Sn.




Note:


I. Sum of first n natural numbers, 1 + 2 +3+…n,



II. Sum of squares of first n natural numbers, 12 + 22 + 32+….n2,



III. Sum of cubes of first n natural numbers, 13 + 23 + 33 +…..n3,



IV. Sum of a constant k, N times,



So, for the given series, we need to find,



From, the above identities,






So, Sum of the series,



Question 13.

Find the sum of the series:

(1 × 22) + (3 × 32) + (5 × 42) + … to n terms


Answer:

In the given question we need to find the sum of the series.


For that, first, we need to find the nth term of the series so that we can use summation of the series with standard identities and get the required sum.


The series given is (1 × 22) + (3 × 32) + (5 × 42) + … to n terms.


The series can be written as, [(1 x (1 + 1)2), (2 x (2 + 1)2 … (2n-1 x (n + 1)2].


So, nth term of the series,


an = (2n – 1) (n + 1)2


= (2n – 1) (n2 + 2n + 1)


=2n3 + 3n2 - 1


Now, we need to find the sum of this series, Sn.




Note:


I. Sum of first n natural numbers, 1 + 2 +3+…n,



II. Sum of squares of first n natural numbers, 12 + 22 + 32+….n2,



III. Sum of cubes of first n natural numbers, 13 + 23 + 33 +…..n3,



IV. Sum of a constant k, N times,



So, for the given series, we need to find,



From, the above identities,








So, Sum of the series,



Question 14.

Find the sum of the series:

(3 × 12) + (5 × 22) + (7 × 32) + … to n terms


Answer:

In the given question we need to find the sum of the series.


For that, first, we need to find the nth term of the series so that we can use summation of the series with standard identities and get the required sum.


The series given is (3 × 12) + (5 × 22) + (7 × 32) + …to n terms.


The series can be written as, [(3 x 12), (5 x 22 … ((2n + 1) x n2].


So, nth term of the series,


an = (2n + 1) n2


an = 2n3 + n2


Now, we need to find the sum of this series, Sn.




Note:


I. Sum of first n natural numbers, 1 + 2 +3+…n,



II. Sum of squares of first n natural numbers, 12 + 22 + 32+….n2,



III. Sum of cubes of first n natural numbers, 13 + 23 + 33 +…..n3,



IV. Sum of a constant k, N times,



So, for the given series, we need to find,



From, the above identities,






So, Sum of the series,



Question 15.

Find the sum of the series:

(1 × 2 × 3) + (2 × 3 × 4) + (3 × 4 × 5) + … to n terms


Answer:

In the given question we need to find the sum of the series.


For that, first, we need to find the nth term of the series so that we can use summation of the series with standard identities and get the required sum.


The series given is (1 × 2 x 3) + (2 × 3 x 4) + (3 × 4 x 5) + … to n terms.


The series can be written as, [(1 x (1 + 1) x (1 + 2)), (2 x (2 + 1) x (2 + 2) … (n x (n + 1) x (n + 2)].


So, nth term of the series,


an = n (n + 1) (n + 2)


an = n3 + 3n2 + 2n


Now, we need to find the sum of this series, Sn.




Note:


I. Sum of first n natural numbers, 1 + 2 +3+…n,



II. Sum of squares of first n natural numbers, 12 + 22 + 32+….n2,



III. Sum of cubes of first n natural numbers, 13 + 23 + 33 +…..n3,



IV. Sum of a constant k, N times,



So, for the given series, we need to find,



From, the above identities,







So, Sum of the series,



Question 16.

Find the sum of the series:

(1 × 2 × 4) + (2 × 3 × 7) + (3 × 4 × 10) + … to n terms


Answer:

In the given question we need to find the sum of the series.


For that, first, we need to find the nth term of the series so that we can use summation of the series with standard identities and get the required sum.


The series given is (1 × 2 × 4) + (2 × 3 × 7) + (3 × 4 × 10) + … to n terms.


The series can be written as, [(1 x (1 + 1) x (3 x 1 + 1)), (2 x (2 + 1) x (3 x 2 + 1))… (n x (n + 1) x (3 x n + 1)].


So, nth term of the series,


an = n (n + 1) (3n + 1)


an = 3n3 + 4n2 + n


Now, we need to find the sum of this series, Sn.




Note:


I. Sum of first n natural numbers, 1 + 2 +3+…n,



II. Sum of squares of first n natural numbers, 12 + 22 + 32+….n2,



III. Sum of cubes of first n natural numbers, 13 + 23 + 33 +…..n3,



IV. Sum of a constant k, N times,



So, for the given series, we need to find,



From, the above identities,






So, Sum of the series,



Question 17.

Find the sum of the series:

…. To n terms


Answer:

In the given question we need to find the sum of the series.


For that, first, we need to find the nth term of the series so that we can use summation of the series with standard identities and get the required sum.


The series given is ….to n terms.


The series can be written as,.


So, nth term of the series,



By the method of partial fractions, we can factorize the above term.



→ (1)


→ (2)


.


.


.


→ (n-1)th equation


→ nth equation


Now, we need to find the sum of this series, Sn.


This can be found out by adding the equation (1), (2)…up to nth term.




So, Sum of the series,



Question 18.

Find the sum of the series:




Answer:

In the given question we need to find the sum of the series.


For that, first, we need to find the nth term of the series so that we can use summation of the series with standard identities and get the required sum.


The series given is … to n terms.


So, nth term of the series,



By the method of partial fractions, we can factorize the above term.




On equating the like term on RHS and LHS,


2A + 2B = 0 → (a)


-A + B = 1 → (b)


On solving, we will get;



→ (1)


→ (2)


.


.


.


→ (n-1) th equation


→ nth equation


Now, we need to find the sum of this series, Sn.


This can be found out by adding the equation (1), (2)…up to nth term.




So, Sum of the series,



Question 19.

Find the sum of the series:




Answer:

In the given question we need to find the sum of the series.


For that, first, we need to find the nth term of the series so that we can use summation of the series with standard identities and get the required sum.


The series given is (1 × 22) + (2 × 32) + (3 × 42) + … to n terms.


The series can be written as, [(1 x (1 + 1)2), (2 x (2 + 1)2 … (n x (n + 1)2].


So, nth term of the series,


an = n (n + 1)2


an = n3 + 2n2 + n


Now, we need to find the sum of this series, Sn.




Note:


I. Sum of first n natural numbers, 1 + 2 +3+…n,



II. Sum of squares of first n natural numbers, 12 + 22 + 32+….n2,



III. Sum of cubes of first n natural numbers, 13 + 23 + 33 +…..n3,



IV. Sum of a constant k, N times,



So, for the given series, we need to find,



From, the above identities,






So, Sum of the series,



Question 20.

Find the sum of the series:

to n terms


Answer:

In the given question we need to find the sum of the series.


For that, firs, we need to find the nth term of the series so that we can use summation of the series with standard identities and get the required sum.


The series given is to n terms


The series can be written as,


.


So, nth term of the series,



The denominator of ‘an’ forms an AP with first term a = 1, last term = 2n-1 and common difference, d= 2.


Now, Sum of the AP,





Now, we need to find the sum of this series, Sn.




Note:


I. Sum of first n natural numbers, 1 + 2 +3+…n,



II. Sum of squares of first n natural numbers, 12 + 22 + 32+….n2,



III. Sum of cubes of first n natural numbers, 13 + 23 + 33 +…..n3,



IV. Sum of a constant k, N times,



So, for the given series, we need to find,



From, the above identities,






So, Sum of the series,



Question 21.

Find the sum of the series:

3 + 15 + 35 + 63 +...to n terms


Answer:

In the given question we need to find the sum of the series.


For that, first, we need to find the nth term of the series so that we can use summation of the series with standard identities and get the required sum.


The series given is 3, 15, 35, 63 … to n terms.


The series can be written as, [22 - 1, 42-1, 62-1… (2n)2-1].


So, nth term of the series,


an = (2n)2 - 1


an = 4n2 - 1


Now, we need to find the sum of this series, Sn.




Note:


I. Sum of first n natural numbers, 1 + 2 +3+…n,



II. Sum of squares of first n natural numbers, 12 + 22 + 32+….n2,



III. Sum of cubes of first n natural numbers, 13 + 23 + 33 +…..n3,



IV. Sum of a constant k, N times,



So, for the given series, we need to find,



From, the above identities,






So, Sum of the series,



Question 22.

Find the sum of the series:

1 + 5 + 12 + 22 + 35 +... to n terms


Answer:

In the given question we need to find the sum of the series.


For that, first, we need to find the nth term of the series so that we can use summation of the series with standard identities and get the required sum.


The series given is 1 + 5 + 12 + 22 + 35 … to n terms.


This question can be solved by the method of difference.


Note:


Consider a sequence a1, a2, a3 …such that the Sequence a2 –a1, a3 – a2… is either an. A.P. or a G.P.


The nth term, of this sequence, is obtained as follows:


S = a1 + a2 + a3 +…+ an–1 + an→ (1)


S = a1 + a2 +…+ an–2 + an–1 + an → (2)


Subtracting (2) from (1),


We get, an = a1+ [(a2–a1) + (a3–a2) +… (an – an–1)].


Since the terms within the brackets are either in an A.P. or a G.P, we can find the value of an the nth term.


Thus, we can find the sum of the n terms of the sequence as,



So,


By using the method of difference, we can find the nth term of the expression.


Sn = 1 + 5 + 12 + 22 + 35 + ….. + an→ (1)


Sn = 1 + 5 + 12 + 22+ 35 + …. + an→ (2)


(1) – (2) → 0 = 1 + 4 + 7 + 10+ ….. - an


So, nth term of the series,


an = 1 + 4 + 7 + 10 + ….


So, the nth term form an AP, with the first term, a = 1; common difference, d = 3.


The required nth term of the series is the same as the sum of n terms of AP.


Sum of n terms of an AP,




So, nth term of the series,


Now, we need to find the sum of this series, Sn.




Note:


I. Sum of first n natural numbers, 1 + 2 +3+…n,



II. Sum of squares of first n natural numbers, 12 + 22 + 32+….n2,



III. Sum of cubes of first n natural numbers, 13 + 23 + 33 +…..n3,



IV. Sum of a constant k, N times,



So, for the given series, we need to find,



From, the above identities,






So, Sum of the series,



Question 23.

Find the sum of the series:

5 + 7 + 13 + 31 + 85 + …. To n terms


Answer:

In the given question we need to find the sum of the series.


For that, first, we need to find the nth term of the series so that we can use summation of the series with standard identities and get the required sum.


The series given is 5 + 7 + 13 + 31 + 85 + …. + n terms.


This question can be solved by the method of difference.


Note:


Consider a sequence a1, a2, a3 …such that the Sequence a2 –a1, a3 – a2… is either an. A.P. or a G.P.


The nth term, of this sequence, is obtained as follows:


S = a1 + a2 + a3 +…+ an–1 + an→ (1)


S = a1 + a2 +…+ an–2 + an–1 + an → (2)


Subtracting (2) from (1),


We get, an = a1+ [(a2–a1) + (a3–a2) +… (an – an–1)].


Since the terms within the brackets are either in an A.P. or a G.P, we can find the value of an, the nth term.


Thus, we can find the sum of the n terms of the sequence as,



So,


By using the method of difference, we can find the nth term of the expression.


Sn = 5 + 7 + 13 + 31 + 85 + ….. + an→ (1)


Sn = 5 + 7 + 13 + 31+ 85 + …. + an→ (2)


(1) – (2) → 0 = 5 + 2 + 6 + 18 + 54+ …..+ (an – an-1) - an


So, nth term of the series,


an = 5 + 2 + 6 + 18 + 54 + ….


In the resulting series obtained, starting from 2, 6, 18…forms a GP.


So, the nth term forms a GP, with the first term, a = 2; common ratio, r = 3.


The required nth term of the series is the same as the sum of n terms of GP and 5.


The GP is 2 + 6 + 18 + 54 +… (n-1) terms.


Sum of n terms of a GP,


Sum of (n-1) terms of a GP,





So, nth term of the series,


Now, we need to find the sum of this series, Sn.




Note:


I. Sum of first n natural numbers, 1 + 2 +3+…n,



II. Sum of squares of first n natural numbers, 12 + 22 + 32+….n2,



III. Sum of cubes of first n natural numbers, 13 + 23 + 33 +…..n3,



IV. Sum of a constant k, N times,



So, for the given series, we need to find,



From, the above identities,


→ (a)


The first term in (a) is a GP, with the first term, a = 3 and common ratio, r = 3.


Sum of n terms of GP,






So, Sum of the series,



Question 24.

If, prove that,

.


Answer:

Given,


To prove:



Note:


I. Sum of first n natural numbers, 1 + 2 +3+…n,



II. Sum of squares of first n natural numbers, 12 + 22 + 32+….n2,



III. Sum of cubes of first n natural numbers, 13 + 23 + 33 +…..n3,



IV. Sum of a constant k, N times,



So,



Now, the Left hand side of the condition given in the question can be written as,



The required LHS,









So,



,


With,


Hence proved.



Question 25.

If Sn denotes the sum of the cubes of the first n natural numbers and sn denotes the sum of the first n natural numbers then find the value of .


Answer:

Given in the question, Sn denotes the sum of the cubes of the first n natural numbers.


sn denotes the sum of the first n natural numbers.


Note:


I. Sum of first n natural numbers, 1 + 2 +3+…n,



II. Sum of squares of first n natural numbers, 12 + 22 + 32+….n2,



III. Sum of cubes of first n natural numbers, 13 + 23 + 33 +…..n3,



IV. Sum of a constant k, N times,



So,


Sn denotes the sum of the cubes of the first n natural numbers. (Given data in the question).



sn denotes the sum of the first n natural numbers.




To determine the given ratio in the question,







=


So, the value of




Exercise 13b
Question 1.

Find the sum (2 + 4 + 6 + 8 +… + 100).


Answer:

It is required to find the sum of (2 + 4 + 6 + 8 +… 100).


Now, consider the series (2 + 4 + 6 + 8 +… 100).


If we take a common factor of 2 from all the terms, then,


the series becomes,


2 (1 + 2 + 3 + 4 +… 50).


So, we need to find the sum of first 50 natural numbers.


Note:


Sum of first n natural numbers, 1 + 2 +3+…n,



From the above identities,


So, Sum of first 50 natural numbers




(2 + 4 + 6 + 8 +… 100) = 2 (1 + 2 + 3 + 4 +… 50)


= 2 x 1275 = 2550



Question 2.

Find the sum (41 + 42 + 43 + …. + 100).


Answer:

It is required to find the sum (41 + 42 + 43 + …. + 100).


(41 + 42 + 43 + …. + 100) = Sum of integers starting from 1 to 100 – Sum of integers starting from 1 to 40.


Note:


Sum of first n natural numbers, 1 + 2 +3+…n,



From the above identities,


So, Sum of integers starting from 1 to 100




So, Sum of integers starting from 1 to 40




(41 + 42 + 43 + …. + 100) = Sum of integers starting from 1 to 100 – Sum of integers starting from 1 to 40.


(41 + 42 + 43 + …. + 100) = 5050 – 820 = 4230



Question 3.

Find the sum 112 + 122 + 132+ …202


Answer:

It is required to find the sum 112 + 122 + 132+ …202


112 + 122 + 132+ …202 = Sum of squares of natural numbers starting from 1 to 20 – Sum of squares of natural numbers starting from 1 to 10.


Note:


Sum of squares of first n natural numbers, 12 + 22 + 32+….n2,



From the above identities,


Sum of squares of natural numbers starting from 1 to 20



Sum of squares of natural numbers starting from 1 to 10



112 + 122 + 132+ …202= Sum of squares of natural numbers starting from 1 to 20 – Sum of squares of natural numbers starting from 1 to 10.


112 + 122 + 132+ …202 = 2870 – 385 = 2485



Question 4.

Find the sum 63 + 73 + 83 + 93 + 103.


Answer:

It is required to find the sum 63 + 73 + 83 + 93 + 103.


63 + 73 + 83 + 93 + 103= Sum of cubes of natural numbers starting from 1 to 10 – Sum of cubes of natural numbers starting from 1 to 5.


Note:


Sum of cubes of first n natural numbers, 13 + 23 + 33 +…..n3,



From the above identities,


Sum of cubes of natural numbers starting from 1 to 10



Sum of cubes of natural numbers starting from 1 to 5



63 + 73 + 83 + 93 + 103 = Sum of cubes of natural numbers starting from 1 to 10 – Sum of cubes of natural numbers starting from 1 to 5.


63 + 73 + 83 + 93 + 103 = 3025 – 225 = 2800



Question 5.

If , find the value of .


Answer:

It is given that,


Note:


I. Sum of first n natural numbers, 1 + 2 +3+…n,



II. Sum of squares of first n natural numbers, 12 + 22 + 32+….n2,



From the above identities,



n2 + n = 420


n2 + n -420 = 0


(n – 20) (n + 21) = 0


n = 20 or -21


Since, n is the number of integers, n = 20



So,



Question 6.

If, find the value of.


Answer:

It is given that,


Note:


I. Sum of first n natural numbers, 1 + 2 +3+…n,



II. Sum of cubes of first n natural numbers, 13 + 23 + 33 +…..n3,



From the above identities,



We need to find,




Question 7.

Find the sum of the series {22 + 42 + 62 + …. + (2n)2}


Answer:

We need to find the sum of the series {22 + 42 + 62 + …. + (2n)2}.


So, we can find it by using summation of the nth term of the given series.


The nth term of the series is (2n) 2 = 4n2


(Given data)


an = 4n2


Now, sum of the series,



Note:


I. Sum of squares of first n natural numbers, 12 + 22 + 32+….n2,








Question 8.

Find the sum of 10 terms of the geometric series


Answer:

We need to find the sum of 10 terms of GP.


Sum of n terms of GP, with first term, a, common ratio, r,



So, the sum of given GP up to 10 terms, with a = √2,


r = √3, n = 10



The requires sum,



Question 9.

Find the sum of n terms of the series whose rth term is (r + 2r).


Answer:

We need to find the sum of n terms of series whose rth term is r + 2r.


ar = r + 2r


So, nth term, an = n + 2n


So, we can find the sum of the series by using summation of the nth term of the given series.



→ (1)


Note:


I. Sum of first n natural numbers, 1 + 2 +3+…n,



Second term in (2) is a GP, with first term a = 2, common ratio r = 2.


Sum of n terms of GP, with the first term, a, common ratio, r,



So, the sum of given GP, with a = 2, r = 2




The required sum,




The sum of n terms of the series whose rth term is (r + 2r),