Wind, Storm And Cyclone

As we know that the smoke created by the fire is hot air and we know that hot air expands (volume increases) but have same mass as before and it becomes lighter than the ordinary air, so the light air floats up in the sky and rises up, so due to this reason the suitable place for the sensor would be the ceiling.

Warm air rises up cool air sinks down. ALWAYS REMEMBER

As we know that the meaning of sea breeze is the cool air or wind(moving air) from above the sea when moves towards the hot land in daytime.

Actually in the daytime the land(sand) gets warmed up faster than water and so the air above land gets warmed and by warming it expands and rises up, so there becomes a low pressure area above the land , now the air above the sea is cooler and has high pressure , so it takes the place of the hot air and starts flowing towards the land and the hot air due to pressure difference created by the air above sea flows towards the sea to lower the difference.

Cooler air from sea is heavy than the hot air from land , so the (c) diagram is the most appropriate.

As we know that the high speed winds have low pressure because winds flow from high pressure area to low pressure area and when they are reaching low pressure area their pressure would eventually decrease as they are going to the low pressure area to create the balance and hence their speed also increases at the path.

When we blow air it gets distributed and hence it’s pressure decreases and the speed of it’s travelling increases due to the energy of blow.

As we know that buses are made up of metals from outside and hence when the lighting strikes the bus it would have no effect on inside , and it does not matter what lighting does to the outside part of the bus, but for extra knowledge the real reason is lighting is a static electricity and it is different from the electricity in our home and as far as I am concerned lighting has no effect on inside of a hollow closed conductor but has effect outside and hence car is a hollow conductor and closed too , so it would have no effect.

As we know that East coast is more likely to face cyclones with great speed(intensity) and number of cyclones than the west coast and except Puri all other places are in West coast and Puri is in East coast.

As we know that high-speed winds have low pressure due to the scattering of particles it possesses and as the one side of the curtain has low pressure and the other side has high pressure, so the winds will flow from high-pressure area to low pressure area in order to maintain balance , we know that already and hence curtain will get pushed in the direction of high-pressure wind.

Chandigarh is most unlikely to be affected by cyclone because it is not near to coastal line and has no sea or ocean near it, as it is surrounded by other states. Cyclones occur near coastal areas because they water bodies near them as to initiate the process and also the temperature of that water body should be suitable too, to generate the cyclone.

The Indian Ocean is the main reason for monsoon because due to sea breeze phenomena the warm air above land rises up and the cool air above the ocean reaches the land and along with the cool air there are water vapors trapped by the air which bring monsoon as they reach the land and the vapors carried by the wind form water droplets.

(i). Pressure (Atmospheric pressure)

We know that particles in the air keep on moving and they never stop the same case as in liquids , The moving particles of air exerts pressure on us and everything , if we go into space where there is no air at all then our body will burst out because there is no pressure, so air has pressure that is why they use special suits.

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION – If we go deep inside a sea we will observe a large amount of pressure which is enough to squeeze our body to death that is why they use special suits.

(ii). Wind

Wind is a more scientific term used instead of air because we generally use air to mention about breathing and wind means moving air which can cause tornadoes, cyclones and cools the environment etc. Wind is generally used to study about these phenomena.

(iii). Heating

Pressure depends upon temperature, by this law, we can say that whenever there is a change in temperature or heat at one place the air at that place there is a change in pressure of the gas and to keep the balance in nature air from other places reach the place of change of temperature as winds.

For e.g., If there is a rise in temperature at one place the air will accept heat and expand due to which it will have low pressure, Hence air from other places having a temperature more than this place will reach this place to maintain balance.

(iv). Low pressure

The mechanism of formation of cyclone includes the warming up of water vapour and releasing heat to the atmosphere where air traps this heat and expands creating low pressure area and this cycle continues until there are high speed winds flowing in the low pressure area.

(i). False.

If wind flows from ocean to the land then it is daytime and is called sea breeze, because in daytime the land gets heated and the air above it expands and rises up, and there is the formation of low pressure are above it. (If wind flows from ocean to land then it is daytime and in the opposite condition it is night time.)

(ii). False.

A cyclone is a natural disaster caused by the warming of air by water vapours through ocean and revolving of high-speed winds around a low-pressure area.(not a high-pressure area)

(iii). False.

The coast lines of India are highly vulnerable to cyclones and also the east coast is more vulnerable to cyclones with high speed and with a high number of cyclones.

The two cyclones in Odisha are an example of the vulnerability of cyclone to India. (The east coast is more likely to welcome cyclones.)

(iv). True.

As we know that warm air expands and has low pressure and hence it has the same mass but expanded volume or space, hence it rises up and is said that it is lighter than cool air.

For example – the sea breeze and land breeze system prove the fact.

As we know that warm air is lighter than cool air and the warm air rises up and has low pressure , so the exhaust fan of ‘B’ will be more efficient in throwing out the warm air and exhaust fan of ‘A’ will not be more efficient because it has exhaust fan placed on a window and hence the atmosphere will try to maintain balance by giving some air at that warm part and hence the resistance will be more in case of ‘A’ also because in ‘B’ it is more high.

As we know that the storm is simply accompanied by strong winds(high speed) and as we know that the high-speed winds have low pressure , so if we close all the doors and windows when a storm occurs then the pressure inside the house will remain the same as before(high pressure than storm) but due to storm the pressure outside the house has changed and has lowered on the roof of the house, so the pressure difference created will try to neutralize by taking off the roof of the house, so that is why we should not close all the doors and windows when a storm comes.

In the afternoon time the land gets heated much faster than sea and hence the air above the land traps heat and rises up by getting warmed and hence there is formation of pressure difference due to which the cool air above the sea takes place above the land in order to maintain balance , so the air will blow towards the house and the clothes will move in the direction of house and this phenomena is called sea breeze.

The sea is on the side ‘B’ because at the daytime the wind is coming from that side and as we know that there is sea breeze when there is day time and wind come from the side of sea towards land in order to maintain balance because at the daytime the land is hotter than water and hence the air above it traps the heat and hence it expands and rises up thereby lowering the pressure above land.

This incident , the flag will flutter in the direction of sea when it is midnight because at night time the sea becomes more hot than land and the air above sea traps heat and rises up due to which pressure difference is created and the cool air above land reaches the sea in order to maintain balance , so the flag will flutter in the direction of sea at midnight time and this phenomena is also called land breeze.

As we know that warm air rises up and it is lighter because it expands.

Cool air sinks down because it is heavy and is compresses air and has high pressure.

So the answer to the question is,

On heating air, it expands and rises.

On cooling air, it contracts and descends.

When Paheli kept the closed bottle inside the refrigerator the air was first at hot temperature and at same temperature as outside, however when the bottle is kept in the refrigerator the air inside the bottle becomes cool and we know that cool air is compressed and it’s volume decreases , hence the bottle contracts due to outside pressure of the refrigerator because there was a pressure difference created before cooling of air hence to balance the pressure the bottle contracts or collapses.

As we know that high-speed winds have low pressure due to their scattering and when we move with holding umbrella on a windy day it gets upturned because the winds pass at the top of the umbrella and when the winds pass they create a low-pressure region over the top of umbrella and due to the pressure difference the higher pressure below the umbrella turns the umbrella

upside-down to maintain the balance and neutralize the pressure difference.

As we know that whenever there is a storm passing over the roof it creates a low-pressure area over the top and there is pressure difference formation because there is high pressure beneath the roof because there is no wind flowing , so to maintain the balance the roof might be carried away by the wind due to the high pressure beneath the roof .

Some precautions to avoid flying off the roof are:-

1. Put heavy things on the roof.

2. The roof should be unbreakable.

3. The roof should be well fixed (screwed)

4. The roof must have some deep curves.

5. The roof must be flexible.

The experiment to test that warm air is lighter than cool air is:-

I. Take two paper bags of the same size.

II. Hang the two bags in the inverted position on the two ends of a wooden stick.

III. Tie the stick from its exact mid-point by a thread and hang it in the balance position.

IV. Place a burning candle below one of the bags and do not place the candle too close but considerably close.

V. In some seconds you will see that the half part of the stick where we put the candle below gets lifted up with the bag.

VI. As soon as we remove the candle the raised part will get back to the initial position in some seconds.

This experiment shows that the warm air expands and rises up, the reason behind this is that when we heat up the air it expands and occupies more space than before but has same mass, so that is why is gets light weight than cool air which is compressed air and, Hence warm air lighter than cool air.

The tree line is bent towards the land because at the daytime the trees near the sea coast experience sea breeze which means that in daytime the land gets hotter than sea and the air above the land traps the heat and expands and rises up and then due to the pressure difference the high pressure cool air above the sea reaches the land in order to maintain the balance , so the air from sea or sea breeze makes the trees bend towards land and shows the direction of the sea breeze but in the night time the direction of wind changes to opposite side.

Hence the picture is in the daytime.

There are eight natural phenomena in this word diagram are:-

1. HURRICANE

2. TYPHOON

3. TORNADO

4. LIGHTNING

5. CYCLONE

6. THUNDERSTORM

7. THUNDER

8. STORM

But you have to choose any six of the mentioned in the list above.