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Nutrition In Plants

Class 7th Science NCERT Exemplar Solution
Multiple Choice Questions
  1. Organisms which prepare food for themselves using simple naturally available raw materials…
  2. Organisms which prepare food for themselves using simple naturally available raw materials…
  3. In the absence of which of the following will photosynthesis not occur in leaves?A. Guard…
  4. Which of the following statements is/are correct? (i) All green plants can prepare their…
  5. Pitcher plant traps insects because itA. is a heterotroph. B. grows in soils which lack in…
  6. The term that is used for the mode of nutrition in yeast, mushroom and bread-mould isA.…
  7. When we observe the lower surface of a leaf through a magnifying lens we see numerous…
  8. Two organisms are good friends and live together. One provides shelter, water, and…
  9. Which of the following raw material is available in the air for photosynthesis?A. Oxygen…
Very Short Answer Questions
  1. Potato and ginger are both underground parts that store food. Where is the food prepared…
  2. Photosynthesis requires chlorophyll, and a few other raw materials. Add the missing raw…
Short Answer Questions
  1. A goat eats away all the leaves of a small plant (balsam). However, in a few days, new…
  2. Unscramble the following to form terms related to modes of nutrition. (i) RASPAEIT (ii)…
  3. Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for plant growth. But farmers who cultivate pulse crops…
  4. Wheat dough if left in the open, after a few days, starts to emit a foul smell and becomes…
  5. Sunlight, chlorophyll, carbon dioxide, water and minerals are raw materials essential for…
  6. Observe the diagram given as Figure 1.1 and label the following terms given in the box.…
Long Answer Questions
  1. Match the organisms given in Column I with their mode of nutrition given in Column II.…
  2. Wild animals like tiger, wolf, lion and leopard do not eat plants. Does this mean that…
  3. Fill in the blanks of the paragraph given below with the words provided in the box.…
  4. Spot as many organisms as possible in the puzzle given as Figure 1.2 by encircling them as…
  5. Can you give me a name? Solve each of the following riddles by writing the name of the…
Multiple Choice Questions
Question 1.

Organisms which prepare food for themselves using simple naturally available raw materials are referred to as
A. Heterotrophs

B. Autotrophs

C. Parasites

D. Saprophytes
Answer:


Question 2.

Organisms which prepare food for themselves using simple naturally available raw materials are referred to as
A. Heterotrophs

B. Autotrophs

C. Parasites

D. Saprophytes
Answer:


Question 3.

In the absence of which of the following will photosynthesis not occur in leaves?
A. Guard cells

B. Chlorophyll

C. Vacuole

D. Space between cells
Answer:


Question 4.

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

(i) All green plants can prepare their own food.

(ii) Most animals are autotrophs.

(iii) Carbon dioxide is not required for photosynthesis.

(iv) Oxygen is liberated during photosynthesis.

Choose the correct answer from the options below:
A. (i) and (iv)

B. (ii) only

C. (ii) and (iii)

D. (i) and (ii)
Answer:


Question 5.

Pitcher plant traps insects because it
A. is a heterotroph.

B. grows in soils which lack in nitrogen.

C. does not have chlorophyll.

D. has a digestive system like human beings.
Answer:

Such plants do not get all nutrients from the soil, in which they grow. Therefore, to get enough nutrition they trap insects.
Question 6.

The term that is used for the mode of nutrition in yeast, mushroom and bread-mould is
A. autotrophic

B. insectivorous

C. saprophytic

D. parasitic
Answer:

Saprophytes are organisms which take nutrition from dead and decaying matter, in solution form

Mushroom grows on rotting wood


Bread mould is fungi grown on rotten bread
Question 7.

When we observe the lower surface of a leaf through a magnifying lens we see numerous small openings. Which of the following is the term given to such openings?
A. Stomata

B. Lamina

C. Midrib

D. Veins
Answer:

Stomata are pores through which plants take in carbon dioxide from the air, for the process of photosynthesis.
Question 8.

Two organisms are good friends and live together. One provides shelter, water, and nutrients while the other prepares and provides food. Such an association of organisms is termed as
A. saprophyte

B. parasite

C. autotroph

D. symbiosis
Answer:

Some organisms live together and share shelter. Such a relationship is called Symbiosis
Question 9.

Which of the following raw material is available in the air for photosynthesis?
A. Oxygen

B. Carbon dioxide

C. Nitrogen

D. Hydrogen
Answer:

Photosynthesis= carbon dioxide + water carbohydrate + oxygen, in presence of sunlight and chlorophyll.

Carbon dioxide is taken in from the air, through pores called stomata
Very Short Answer Questions
Question 1.

Potato and ginger are both underground parts that store food. Where is the food prepared in these plants?
Answer:

Besides leaves, photosynthesis also takes place in other green parts of the plant, like green stem and green branches.

Photosynthesis requires the presence of chlorophyll. The process occurs irrespective of where the chlorophyll is present.
Question 2.

Photosynthesis requires chlorophyll, and a few other raw materials. Add the missing raw materials to the list given below: Water, minerals, _____________, ______________.
Answer:

(a) sunlight (b) carbon-di oxide

Photosynthesis is the process, by which plants make their own food in the presence of sun light and chlorophyll, they take in carbon-di oxide from air and water and synthesize carbohydrates and release oxygen.
Short Answer Questions
Question 1.

A goat eats away all the leaves of a small plant (balsam). However, in a few days, new leaves could be seen sprouting in the plant again. How did the plant survive without leaves?
Answer:

Besides green leaves, photosynthesis also occurs in green stem and green branches as they also have chlorophyll and by the process of photosynthesis plant complete their food requirements.
Question 2.

Unscramble the following to form terms related to modes of nutrition.

(i) RASPAEIT

(ii) ROPEHYTSAP

(iii) TOROPHAUT

(iv) SIBIOMSYS
Answer:

(i) PARASITE

(ii) SAPROPHYTE


(iii) AUTOTROPH


(iv) SYMBIOSIS
Question 3.

Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for plant growth. But farmers who cultivate pulse crops like green gram, Bengal gram, black gram, etc. do not apply nitrogenous fertilizers during cultivation. Why?
Answer:

Rhizobium is a bacterium which lives in the roots of gram, peas, moving beans and other legumes. It can take atmospheric nitrogen and convert it into soluble form so they don’t need nitrogenous fertilizers while other plants cannot take atmospheric nitrogen.
Question 4.

Wheat dough if left in the open, after a few days, starts to emit a foul smell and becomes unfit for use. Give reason.
Answer:

Food left in open for a few days, especially in hot and humid weather, causes growth of Saprophytes and that causes a foul smell.

Saprophytes feed on dead and decaying matter, in solution form.
Question 5.

Sunlight, chlorophyll, carbon dioxide, water and minerals are raw materials essential for photosynthesis. Do you know where they are available? Fill in the blanks with the appropriate raw materials. (a) Available in the plant : _______________ (b) Available in the soil : _______________, _______________ (c) Available in the air : _______________ (d) Available during day : _______________
Answer:

(a) Chlorophyll


(b) Water and minerals


(c) Carbon dioxide


(d) Sunlight


In the process of photosynthesis:


Plant take carbon-di oxide from the air and water from soil via their roots and with the help of chlorophyll present in their leaves or stem, they capture the energy of sun light and this energy is used in making food from carbon-di oxide and water.
Question 6.

Observe the diagram given as Figure 1.1 and label the following terms given in the box.

stomatal opening, guard cell
Answer:

The oval shaped pore at the centre of the diagram- Stomata

The bean shaped cells surrounding the stomata- guard cells
Long Answer Questions
Question 1.

Match the organisms given in Column I with their mode of nutrition given in Column II.
Answer:

(a) – (iii)


Mango tree is a green plant, therefore it has chlorophyll and it can make its own food by the process of photosynthesis, Hence it’s an autotroph.


(b) – (iv)


Mushroom grows on rotten wood, hence it’s a saprophyte.


(c ) – (i)


Pitcher plants don’t get enough nutrition from the soil, therefore they capture insects and they are known as Insectivorous plant.


(d) – (v)


Cuscuta is not a green plant and can’t produce food by photosynthesis hence it depends on other plants for its food requirements, and therefore it is a parasitic plant.


(e) – (ii)


Elephant is a herbivores animal and they depend on plants for their food


Hence, they are heterotroph.
Question 2.

Wild animals like tiger, wolf, lion and leopard do not eat plants. Does this mean that they can survive without plants? Can you provide a suitable explanation?
Answer:

Animals are heterotrophs. Heterotrophs can be herbivores (feed on plants), carnivores (feed on animals) or omnivores (feed on both plants and animals).

The mode of nutrition for animals also depends on the availability of food.


For example, elephants are mostly herbivores, but can be carnivores, if suitable food is available.


And Tigers are carnivores, but adapt to being herbivores when their suitable food is unavailable.
Question 3.

Fill in the blanks of the paragraph given below with the words provided in the box.

chlorophyll, energy, food, carbon dioxide, water, photosynthesis

Note: A word can be used more than once.

Leaves have a green pigment called…...(a)…… which captures …..(b)……. from sunlight. This …..(c)…… is used in the process of …….(d)……. and along with other raw materials like …….(e)…… and …..(f)……… synthesize ……..(g)……. .
Answer:

(a) chlorophyll


(b) Energy


(c) Energy


(d) Photosynthesis


(e) Water and carbon dioxide


(f) Food
Question 4.

Spot as many organisms as possible in the puzzle given as Figure 1.2 by encircling them as shown. Write the names on a sheet of paper and categorise them into autotrophs and heterotrophs. Classify the heterotrophs into herbivores, carnivores, omnivores and saprophytes.
Answer:

First Column: Crow ( Heterotroph, Carnivore )

Second Row: Bhindi ( Autotroph)


Third row: ginger ( Autotroph)


Fourth row: Cow ( heterotroph, herbivore )


Fifth row: Mushroom ( heterotroph, Saprophyte )


Sixth Row/Third last row: Elephant ( heterotroph, herbivore )


Last row: Carrot, Tulsi ( Autotroph )


First Column: Banyan ( Autotroph )


Second Column: Rabbit ( heterotroph, herbivore )


Seventh Column: tiger ( heterotroph, carnivore )


Eighth Column/fourth column from right: Cow ( heterotroph, herbivore )


Second column from right: Mice ( heterotroph, omnivore)


First column from right: Fox ( heterotroph, carnivore )
Question 5.

Can you give me a name? Solve each of the following riddles by writing the name of the organism and its mode of nutrition. One riddle is solved to help you.

(a) I am tall but I cannot move. I am green and can prepare my own food. tree, autotroph

(b) I live in water; people keep me in an aquarium and feed me. ,

(c) I am small and I can fly. I disturb your sleep, bite you and suck your blood which is my food. ,

(d) I am white and soft. I grow well in the rainy season. Children pluck me from the ground and admire me. I absorb nutrients from decomposed dead parts of plants and animals in the soil.
Answer:

(b) Fish

(c) Mosquito


(d) mushroom