Animal Husbandry

Milch animals are milk producing animals to increase the production of milk milch animals are provided with good food.

Milch animals are fed with Ambon. Ambon is also called fermented fodder, it is a mixture of oil cake, jaggery. Fermentation

Increases the nutritive value of these foods.

Horses are given healthy food like horse gram as supplementary food because these foods have high nutrient value which make horses strong and robust. They are used by humans for physical labour, lots of work some involves use of horses for example carrying goods etc.

Generally animals need a dry feed of 2 to 2.5 % of their own body weight daily. Pigs are the animals used for their meat. Animals used for meat are given equally high nutrient quality food.

Cattle shed should be kept clean. The floor should be regularly washed with a germicide to prevent diseases and protect animals from flies, fleas, gnats. As animals tend to get worms they should be dewormed regularly.

Sheep are particularly prone to ticks and lies, ticks are mostly found on their neck, shoulders and around their anus cause wounds and sucks blood often maggots grow in these wounds. Hence preventing sheep from ticks and lies is very important.

Animal husbandry is a wide sector and it includes various occupations as listed below:

Sheep rearing, Sericulture, Pisciculture, Poultry farming, pearl culture, Lac industry. Besides these cow, buffaloes are kept for their milk, bullocks, horses, asses, oxen are kept for physical labour.

(a) Diseases like Ranikhet and bird flu are incurable and it is necessary to vaccinate to cure such diseases.

(b) Pearls are obtained from marine animals called oyster.

(c) The main crop required for sericulture are mulberry and Ain leaves variety, the silkworm lives on mulberry leaves and other that eats Ain leaves are important.

The technology has been developed for obtaining hybrids of not only plants but also obtaining hybrid stains from animals.

Importance of cross breed animals is the yield of these animals is greater. The profits are greater.

Few examples are as follows- A Indian cow yields 5-6 liters of milk every day. If crossed with a Jersey, Holstein, Red Dean Bull, yield rises to 10-12 liters daily. Cows of Kandari, Devani, Khilhari, Dangi varieties of Maharashtra have been selected for cross breeding.

Keeping sheep for its wool, meat to earn profit is called Sheep rearing. Sheep can be easily kept by farmers as it does not require high expenditure to feed them. Sheep can easily live on bor and babhul trees and shrubs that grow on stubble and waste water of jowar, groundnuts, horse grams etc.

They are highly useful as they give wool, meat and skin even droppings give produce good manure to the fields as it is rich in nitrogen,

Phosphorus, potash.one Indian sheep give one and half kilograms of wool and 10-12 kilograms of meat.

The desired fish variety are grown from their "seeds" in the sea and other water bodies and used for eating. The government makes good quality fish or spawns as food this process is called Pisciculture. Advantage is earlier people use to have limited variety for eating but now they have variety which also has nutrient values. some fresh water fishes are Katla, Rohu, Mrugal and carp while some sea fish are Boi (mulletfish), Muddushi (shellfish), Khasi, Renavi.

Earlier pearl was obtained naturally from marine animal Oyster. Now a technique of inserting a grain of sand inside oyster's body at the right time has been developed, as a result now a larger pearl can be obtained commercially are called cultured pearls. These are different from artificial pearls.

Few very common animal diseases are:

(1) Bird Flu - A viral infection that can infect not only birds, but also humans and other animals. Most forms of the virus are restricted to birds. Its symptoms are Cough, diarrhea, respiratory difficulties, fever (over 100.4°F or 38°C), and headache.

(2) Ranikhet – it is also known as new cattle disease, highly contagious, symptoms are first observed in young birds earlier as gasping, sneezing, often droopiness.

(3) Anthrax- A highly infectious and fatal disease of cattle its signs of the illness usually appear 3 to 7 days after the spores are swallowed or inhaled. Once signs begin in animals they usually die within two days.