Introduction To Sociology

Man is a social being.

It was Marxism who define man as a social being and he said that “man is, in essence, the totality of social relations”.

'Logos' means science or study.

The term ‘logos’ means to study or it means persuading with logic based on evidence or and your skills of reason. For ex- Biology is made up of two words bio means life and logos means study. So the study of life is Biology.

The Father of Sociology is August Comte.

August Comte a French philosopher is called the father of philosophy. He first used the term Sociology explained it as the scientific study of society.

Karl Marx is called as the advocate of 'Conflict Theory'

The term Conflict Theory is given by Karl Marx claims that society is in a state of perpetual conflict because of competition for limited resources. It holds that social order is maintained by domination and power, rather than consensus and conformity.

Annihilation of caste was written by Dr. B R Ambedkar.

Annihilation of caste was written by Dr. B R Ambedkar. It is an undelivered speech written in 1936 about the practice of untouchability in India.

August Comte was a French philosopher and writer. He analyzed society and activities of a human being and wrote about it. August Comte is called as ‘the father of Sociology’. He is the first Social Philosopher. He provided the status of science for Sociology and also studied society scientifically.

● Sociology belongs to the group of social sciences. It studies the social life and activities of human society. August Comte is known as the father of sociology.

● It is a definitive study

● Sociology is a pure science and not an applied science

● Sociology is an intangible science

● Sociology is a general science.

Sociology is the science of human society. It originates from two words, i.e., ‘Socius’ which means ‘companion’ and ‘logos’ which means ‘science or study’. August Comte is known as the father of sociology. He studied about society and human beings and wrote according to his observations.

Some of the important early Sociologists who made noticeable contributions to Sociology are August Comte (A General View Of Positivism), Karl Marx(Capital, The Communist), Emile Durkheim, and Max Weber(Economy and society).

Some of the important Indian Sociologists are Dr. B R Ambedkar(Annihilation Of Caste), G.S Ghruye(Caste and race In India), M.N. Srinivas(Caste in modern India), C. Parvathamma, Iravati Karve, and A.R. Desai.

Individuals and society are co-dependent in nature. The relationship between the two is unique. There is no society without individual and there is no individual without society. A human being is said to be a social being; thus, the social living is necessary for the well-being and growth of individuals.

Sociology and History are interrelated. Sociologists support historians by providing scientific knowledge of various social institutions and their roles and functions. While History is the recreation of the life of a past society, Sociology is the recreation of contemporary society.

Sociology studies the human society. It studies human social life, social relationships, social institutions, and social process. It has a unique place among all the social sciences. Sociology helps in constructing a systematic body of knowledge of human society with its scientific study.

● Das Capital

● The Holy Family

● The German Ideology

● The Manifesto of the Communist Party

Ambedkar was born in Mhow village of central Madhya Pradesh in 1891. He lost his mother at the age of six and grew up under the care of his aunt. He earned his primary education at Satara.

Ambedkar passed matriculation with first class from Elphinstone High School of Mumbai. He later married Ramabai and earned his B.A and M.A degrees. He also received his P.hd from Columbia University in 1916. He was a great Indian social reformer, contributed to the freedom movement. he also headed the drafting committee of the Indian constitution played a very important role in making of our constitution.

C. Parvathamma was born at Syagalli village of present Davanagere district in 1928. Due to the death of her father, she grew up with her young mother. Parvathamma completed her education at her village and then continued her middle school education at the neighbouring village, and high school education at Davanagere. She later finished her intermediate education at Maharani College, Mysore. She earned the first rank in BA Honors. Her entire education was supported by scholarships.

Parvathamma also pursued further studies in a foreign university and returned to Karnataka after completing higher education. She was keen on spreading the learning of Sociology across Karnataka. Her major contributions are 'Politics and Religion', 'Sociological Essays on Veerashaivism, and her studies on the socio-economic status of Scheduled Caste and Tribes.

M.N.Srinivas was born on November 16, 1916, at Mysore. He received MA, LLB, and P.hD from Bombay University. He also earned D.lit from Oxford University. He worked as a professor at Delhi. He is an internationally renowned Indian Sociologist who popularised the ‘field-based

sociological studies’ in India. His work ‘A Remembered Village’ has received universal appreciation and has been republished many times. His major contributions are The Religion and Society of Kodavas of South India, Indian Villages, Social Change in Modern India, and Remembered Village.

1. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar

2. M.N. Srinivas

1. Ramarao Indira

2.Shankar Pathak

3.MN Srinivas