Classification Of Living Organisms
Class 8th Science Part I Karnataka Board Solution
- A kingdom consisting of single celled, prokaryotic organisms isA. mycota B. monera C.…
- Which one of the following is the basic unit of classification of the living organisms?A.…
- Most primitive organisms among the following areA. Monerans B. Protists C. Fungi D. Algae…
- Which one of the following should be grouped with whales, according to modern…
- Fill in the blanks with suitable words 1. Protozoa belong to the kingdom ___________. 2.…
- Match the following:
- Why are animals included under eukaryotes? Answer the following
- In which kingdom do you include multicellular, primitive, heterotrophic eukaryotes? Answer…
- totle’s classification include both fish and whale under one group. How are these…
- What is the difference between plants and animals with regard to nutrition? Answer the…
- Place the following organisms in their respective kingdoms. Deer, paramecium, mushroom.…
- Why are bread moulds grouped under mycota? Answer the following
- Explain, the concept of binomial nomenclature. Answer the following…
- Which one of the following is a prokaryote cell? Why? Answer the following…
- Activity 1 Divide the class into three groups A, B, and C. Each group should collect the…
- Activity 2 Observe and list the various kinds of animals in your locality. Classify them…
- Activity 3 Monkeys, apes, humans are included under the same order primates. Collect…
Exercises
Question 1.A kingdom consisting of single celled, prokaryotic organisms is
A. mycota
B. monera
C. plantae
D. Protista
Answer:
Mycota is Kingdom Fungi.
Monera consists of unicellular organisms, without definite nucleus. Monera consists of primitive organisms with prokaryotic cells
Plantae includes plants which synthesize their own food.
Protista includes organisms with Eukaryotic cell i.e. cells with well defined nucleus.
Therefore answer is b. Monera
Question 2.
Which one of the following is the basic unit of classification of the living organisms?
A. family
B. species
C. genus
D. kingdom
Answer:
The hierarchy of classification is as follows (broadest to smallest)
Kingdom → phylum → class → order → family → genus → species
Question 3.
Most primitive organisms among the following are
A. Monerans
B. Protists
C. Fungi
D. Algae
Answer:
Monerans show prokaryotic cell i.e. cells without a definite nucleus.
Prokaryotic cell is a primitive feature.
The kingdom Monera includes Bacteria, and one of the primitive algae- blue green algae.
Question 4.
Which one of the following should be grouped with whales, according to modern classification?
A. Shark
B. Dolphin
C. Snake
D. Tortoise
Answer:
As per classification, the above mentioned animals belong to the following class
Whales- mammals
Shark- Pisces
Dolphin- mammals
Snake- reptilia
Tortoise- reptilia
Question 5.
Fill in the blanks with suitable words
1. Protozoa belong to the kingdom ___________.
2. Animals without a backbone are called ________.
3. Most of the organisms depend directly or indirectly upon __________ for food.
4. Group of organisms that breed among themselves and produce fertile offsprings make a _________.
Answer:
1. Protists
Examples of protists include protozoa and some primitive algae.
2. Invertebrates
Invertebrates are animals that do not possess a backbone or spine.
3. Plants
Plants are Autotrophic, they prepare their food on their own.
Animals are heterotropic, they obtain food directly/indirectly from plants.
4. Species
A group of closely related organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring.Question 6.
Match the following:
Answer:
1. Familiaris – c. Species
The scientific name of Dog is Canis familiaris- Canis-having canines; familiaris- most familiar
2. Primates- d. Order
Refer to the systemic position of Humans
3. Anacardiaceae- e. Family
Refer to the systemic position of Mango
4. Magnaliophyta – f. Division
Refer to the systemic position of Mango
Question 7.
Answer the following
Why are animals included under eukaryotes?
Answer:
animals are included under Eukaryotes due
(i) Multicellulared organisms
(ii) Eukaryotic cells with a definite nucleus and membrane bound organelles
Question 8.
Answer the following
In which kingdom do you include multicellular, primitive, heterotrophic eukaryotes?
Answer:
The characteristic features of Kingdom Animalia include
(i) Multicellulared organisms
(ii) Eukaryotic cells with a well defined nucleus
Kingdom Animalia includes heterotrophic organisms. They cannot synthesize their own food, hence obtain food directly (herbivores) or indirectly (carnivores) from plants.
Some primitive organisms like Euglena are also included under kingdom Animalia.
Hence, according to the above stated facts, the suitable Kingdom is Kingdom Animalia
Question 9.
Answer the following
totle’s classification include both fish and whale under one group. How are these unrelated?
Answer:
As per Classification/ systemic position, both fish and whale belong to animal kingdom and phylum chordata, but the class of fishes is Pisces, while whales belong to classMammalia.
Question 10.
Answer the following
What is the difference between plants and animals with regard to nutrition?
Answer:
On the basis of mode of nutrition, plants are Autotrophic; they prepare their food on their own. They photosynthesize with the help of chlorophyll and Carbon dioxide in presence of raw materials like sunlight, to produce sugars and oxygen.
Photosynthesis →
Chlorophyll + carbon dioxide (in presence of sunlight)
= sugars + oxygen
Animals are heterotrophic; they cannot prepare their food on their own. Animals obtain their food directly (herbivores) or indirectly (carnivores) from plants.
Animals which obtain food both directly and indirectly(both) are omnivores.
Question 11.
Answer the following
Place the following organisms in their respective kingdoms.
Deer, paramecium, mushroom.
Answer:
deer- animalia
Paramecium- Protista
Mushroom- Mycota
Question 12.
Answer the following
Why are bread moulds grouped under mycota?
Answer:
The Fungi have been placed under Kingdom Mycota on the basis of mode of Nutrition. The Plants synthesize own food, but fungi, unlike plants, do not synthesize their own food. Bread moulds obtain their food from dead and decaying matter, hence placed under Mycota
Question 13.
Answer the following
Explain, the concept of binomial nomenclature.
Answer:
Binomial classification is scientific method of naming the living organisms.
The advantages of Binomial Classification are
(i) It eliminates the confusion of different names of a species in different languages/countries/ culture.There is a unique name for every species. The name consists of two words genus and species.
(ii) The Binomial Classification is based on characteristics in regard of body design, development, life processes.
Question 14.
Answer the following
Which one of the following is a prokaryote cell? Why?
Answer:
Note the difference in structures present at the centre of the cells.
A is prokaryote, as a well defined nucleus is absent. The coiled genetic material is present randomly.
B is a eukaryote, due to presence of a well defined nucleus.
Question 15.
Suggested Activities
Activity 1
Divide the class into three groups A, B, and C. Each group should collect the scientific names of five familiar organisms. ‘A’ group for protists, ‘B’ group for kingdom plantae and ‘C’ group for kingdom animalia.
Answer:
Question 16.
Suggested Activities
Activity 2
Observe and list the various kinds of animals in your locality. Classify them into vertebrates and invertebrates.
Answer:
Question 17.
Suggested Activities
Activity 3
Monkeys, apes, humans are included under the same order primates. Collect information about the similarities of humans with other primates
Answer:
Similar features between Humans and other primates like monkey, apes
● Presence of hands to hold/grip, the number of fingers is mostly five
● Presence of feet for movement, though humans are erect, monkeys and apes can be erect or crawl
● Presence of shoulder and limbs
● Brain