Human Rights

Human Rights were declared in the year 1948.

Explanation: United Nations Organization declared Universal Human Rights on 10th December 1948 to protect Human Rights of every individual in the world after the destruction of Second World War. This is also the reason we celebrate Human Rights Day on 10th December every year.

Magna Carta was signed by King John of England.

Explanation: Magna Carta is also known as the great agreement. King John of England signed this agreement after revolutions took place in England when he broke many traditions and rules. It was first discussed on the Human beings’ Natural rights.

At present six fundamental rights are there.

Explanation: Articles 12-35 define Fundamental rights in the Indian constitution. Earlier there were seven fundamental rights. In 1978, Right to property was removed from fundamental rights by the 44th amendment of the constitution.

Right to property is a constitutional right.

Explanation: Earlier it was a fundamental right in the original constitution. In 1978, Right to property was removed from fundamental rights and included as a constitutional right under Article 300A by 44th amendment of the constitution.

The Chairman of the Human Rights Commission is appointed by the President of India.

Explanation: The Human Rights Commission was established in 1993 as a statutory body. It has a chairman, four members, and four ex-officio members. All of them are appointed by the President of India.

Magna Carta or the great agreement during 1215 C.E. was the first agreement signed by King John of England on the Human Rights. In 1689, “Bill of Rights” was implements and first legislative significance was given to Human Rights. In 1789 and 1791, Human Rights were declared in France and America respectively. After the Second World War, United Nations Organization (UNO) was established to protect human rights worldwide and it declared universal human rights on 10th December 1948. The development of human rights was universal and was not restricted to any specific country.

Human Rights are essential for the development of an individual and society. They help human beings to live with respect and dignity. They ensure equality against the law, education, and access to resources of the world. They give people the right to speak in front of anyone and express their thoughts. The human right to have ancestral and private property enhances the security of human beings. Security, freedom, equality, and respect help an individual to develop himself to the best extent and to make his own significance in the world.

United Nations declared human rights on December 10, 1948. United Nations Human Right Commission (UNHRC) is a body of the United Nations working towards promoting and protecting human rights around the world.

EX- Right to liberty and freedom, right to the pursuit of happiness.

Under article 32 of the Indian constitution Fundamental Rights are protected by the Supreme Court. Writ petitions can be filed against any violations of fundamental rights in the Supreme Court. Supreme Court is also called guardian of fundamental rights. It protects the rights of every citizen of the country. There are five types of writs which can be enforced.

The writs are- habeas corpus, mandamus, certiorari, prohibition, quo warranto.

The National Human Rights Commission was established in 1993 as a statutory body. The body is responsible for the promotion and protection of Human Rights in India. It consists of a chairman, four members, and four ex-officio members and all of them are elected by President of India for the duration of 5 years or attainment of 70 years of age, whichever is earlier. As it is a statutory body, it works without any interference and prejudice for protecting the human rights of citizens. This explains that it is a protector of Human Rights.

There are many institutions in India which are protecting Human Rights of citizens at a different level. National Human Rights Commission and State Human Rights Commission work at national and state level in regard to protect and promote them.

Other institutions like National Commission for Schedule Caste, National Commission for Schedule Tribes, National Commission for Backward Classes, National Commission for Women and National Commission for Minorities are framed to target different groups and classes.

Human Rights Protection is very necessary for every individual and country. They are basic and universal rights of human beings. They also help to build a productive environment for the people and give them satisfaction by providing security of their life resulting in the development of edified society. Human Rights enable people to live with respect. They also ensure equality among the various group and minority classes. They provide access to their natural rights. These benefits mark the importance of Human Rights Protection.