Understanding Marginalisation

The word ‘Marginalisation’ simply means exclusion from the mainstream. It is a social process by which certain sections of the society are confined to lower social standing.

Marginalisation results in a certain minority or lower castes of the society having a low social status and not having equal access to education and other resources.

Adivasis are becoming increasingly marginalized because of the following reasons:

(a) People in the society always considered that adivasis are primitive and backward.

(b) The way of living of adivasis is completely different from the other people. They wear colourful costumes, strange type of head gears and have different cultures.

The Constitution’s safeguards to protect minority communities are very important because of the following reasons:

(a) Firstly, the Constitution of our country is supreme book of laws and regulations. The constitution of our country provides fundamental rights to every citizen of the country.

(b) Also, according to our constitution every citizen has a right to access to the Apex Court of the country. Communal harmony, national integrity and uniform development are aimed to be achieved through these provisions.

The term ‘Minority’ simple means those groups or communities who are small in number as comparted to those communities who are large in the number.

e.g.: If we look in our own country than Muslims are in minority as compared to Hindus.

Muslims are marginalized community because of the following reasons:

(a) Firstly, if we look facts than more than 63% of the Muslims live in Kuccha houses while the percentage of people of majority is less than the people of minority.

(b) Secondly, we always talk about that India is a secular country and it is fastest growing or developing nation in the world but still only 30% of Muslims have access to electricity which is quite less than those of majority people.

(c) Only 19.4% of Muslims have access to piped water while 25.3% of Hindus have access to it.

(d) If we look the literacy rates by religion wise than these are lowest for the Muslims according to 2001 census.

Three things about the life of adivasis is as follows:

(a) Adivasis still usually shown in the colourful constumes, headgear and dancing.

(b) They are not a homogeneous population. There are over 500 different Adivasi groups in our country. They are particularly numerous in states like Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, and in the north-eastern states.

(c) Still people have mentality that adivasis are exotic, primitive and backward caste people.

A short story on Adivasis is as follows:

(a) There is a foreign company who has planned to establish a metal company in the area of Adivasis. For the establishment of industry these groups are forced to move in very large number to various area of India. There is a man and his girl, they both have planned A to make an association after which they will approach to district authority, state Government and lastly to central government.

(b) Adivasis under the leadership of this association demanded three things forest, water and livelihood. After having a long struggle, Human Rights Commission comes forward and their demands are accepted. These groups are handed over fairly large forest-lands, supply of water and also they are given employment in companies.

Economic and social marginalization are interlinked, this can be said on the basis of these points:

(a) As discussed in the chapter the minority groups like Muslims in our country have less access in terms of occupation, houses, piped water etc.

(b) Muslims have low standard of living as compared to Hindu as they are working in the unorganised sector. This is because of lack of education due to which they find it difficult to get both public as well as private sector jobs.

(c) As they are economically backward, they fail to attain a higher status in Indian society.

Three reasons of marginalizing the groups are as follows:

(a) Firstly, these groups are socially and economically backwards.

(b) Secondly, these groups have no power to oppose the discrimination.

(c) Third and main point is that these groups are not well-educated.

Dadu was forced to leave the village in Orissa because his land was captured by the Company holders for mining iron ore there.

In my city if I look around then I find the people living in the slum portions are the marginalised groups as neither they have the basic living of life nor the basic education to enjoy the rights given to them by the state.

Depends on the city where students live. If we look those students who belong to Delhi then there is no Adivasi community.

Most of the Adivasis speaks Dravadian language.

Yes, most of the adivasis live close to the forest which is also the main reason for their illiteracy and backwardness.

Yes, since most of the Adivasis do not have any permanent sort of work or job so they move from one place to another in search of work in order to feed their family.

Metals are important in present day India because of the following reasons:

(a) Metals like iron, steel, aluminum etc are very important for the survival as all the infrastructure or development of the country is directly depends on these metals.

(b) They make up over 80% of all the elements in existence. They are not only structurally important but are also chemically important.

These metals are mined from the ores which are located at different parts of the country.

Yes, all the places from where metals are mined are mostly inhabited by the Adivasis. And due to this when industries emerge in order to extract metals these Adivasis are forcefully displaced.

Five products that we get from the forest are as follows:

(a) We get medicines from the forests.

(b) We get gum form the forest.

(c) We get wood from the forest which is used for many purposes like making furniture, papers etc.

(d) We get food from forests.

(e) We also get sealing wax from forest.

Timber is usually demanded by the railway for the development of railway lines.

Forest land is mostly demanded by the big industry houses to set up their industries in a large area.

Forest land for agriculture demands by non-tribal people.

Reserved wildlife parks area demanded by the government of that state or country.

This affects tribal people in the following ways:

(a) Due to development of industries adivasis and backwards people are forced to migrate from their land.

(b) They are indirectly forced to work in the construction sites and they have no access to the trerritories of forest.

This poem is trying to convey a very serious and emotional message to us. It is showing the condition of poor adivasis who are with the greed of good living conditions are persuaded to go to Assam where their condition become more worse, They are forced to work, torched on not doing the work and if they want to run away from there then they are captured by the men of Babu and again beaten and made to work.

The decisions of the government agencies have been directly affecting the Adivasis. They should have a say in their forest as they are the people who are associated with the forest for centuries and hence are directly affected by the decisions taken by our government regarding forest matters.

Firstly, it is important to know the minorities. Minorities are those which are fairly less in number as compared to other groups. We need to safeguard the minorities and their culture because in case if the person of this particular caste becomes extinct then we also lose their culture, language etc.

No, it is clear from the above facts that Muslims do not have equal access to basic amenities as more than 63% of Muslims live ion kuccha houses whereas the percentage of Hindu is quite less than them.

muslims have lowest literacy rate of 59%.

These figures clearly convey that not only basic amenities but Muslims are lacking behind in every sector of the country. These figures clearly say that Muslims have very less access in all the sectors.

Yes, according to me some special measures should be taken by the government to address this situation as percentage of Muslim students dropped out from the school is very high. Education is necessary for every individual and 6-14 years is that age in which the future of children develops. If these students do not get proper education at that age then their future might be ruin.

She is trying to convey the situation of communalism where she lived in a Muslim dominated area which suddenly had some violence communal outlook due to which she had to dress-up like Muslims in order to save herself from the danger of being a non-muslim in that area. She also conveys the message that people define your religion with the kind of outfit you are wearing.