Name the author of the novel ‘Pamela’.
The author of the novel “PAMELA” is Samuel Richardson. He wrote the novel in the year 1740.
Explanation: Samuel Richardson was an English writer and a printer. This novel narrates a story about a beautiful girl who was treated as a maidservant by the landowner Andrews. He tried to suppress her and exploit her mentally and physically.
Name some famous novelist of the 19th century.
Some famous novelists of the 19th century are Jane Austen, Charles Dickens, Emily Bronte and Thomas Hardy.
Explanation: 1) Jane Austen: She was the 1st great English woman novelist. She wrote Pride and Prejudice, Emma etc.
2) Charles Dickens: Greatest English novelist of his time. He wrote David Copperfield, Oliver Twist.
3) Emily Bronte: She has an important position in English history novels. She wrote Wuthering Heights.
4) Thomas Hardy: A novelist with a familiar realism of the Victorian Novel.
How did the serialisation of novels increase the popularity of novels and magazines?
The serialisation of novels increased the popularity of novels and magazines as it was cheap and affordable.
Explanation: People started discussing them on the day to day basis. People found joy in reading them and visualising them. They started living with the characters for months.
What was the role of earlier novels for promoting colonialism in Europe?
Novels played an important role in promoting colonialism in Europe. They depicted the knowledge of social customs.
Explanation: It helped the Britishers to learn about the divisions based on castes and class. All of this proved to be beneficial in promoting Colonialism.
Name the earlier writer, who had a story in prose in the Sanskrit language.
Banabhatta was a writer in Sanskrit in the 7th century. He was the Asthana Kavi in the court of King Harsha Vardhana. Some of his important works include Kadambari, Harshcharita, etc.
What were the main features of the novel Sewasadan?
Sewasadan was a novel written by PremChand in 1919. The main features of the novel included the exploitation of women and their poor condition in society, the prevalence of child marriage and dowry in social customs, the upper hand of the rich classes on the poor and how they exploited their rights and opportunities.
Name the first Hindi modern novel which was a best-seller. Why was it so popular?
The first Hindi modern novel which was a bestseller was Chandrakanta by Devaki Nandan Khatri in the year 1888. It became so popular because it was a romantic novel.
Explanation: The novel had many magical and radiant elements of fantasy. People found pleasure in reading the novel which made it famous.
Why was the translation of novels so important?
Translation of novels was important because novels were written in a different language which was difficult for many people who were not familiar with the language. Therefore in order to reach the higher masses they were translated.
Explanation: Also, many British people translated Indian novels in English because they liked the story and wanted their people to read about them.
Name the Kannada novel which has a clear message of social reform.
Indirabai was the novel written in Kannada by Glavadi Venkantu in the year 1899.
Explanation: It tells the story of a widow who got married in a very young age to an elderly man who dies.
How did the social novelist of India accept modernism without rejecting tradition?
Social novelists faced a dilemma of accepting modernism without affecting traditional values. They, therefore, created characters like Indulekha as a woman of breathtaking beauty, high intellectual abilities, artistic talent, and with an education in English and Sanskrit and Madhavan, who used to dress in Western clothes, but, at the same time, kept a long tuft of hair, according to the Nayar custom. These characters showed readers how Indian and foreign lifestyles could be brought together in an ideal combination.
Who was Kalki? What do you know about his style of writing?
Kalki or R.Krishhnamurthywas a very prominent author of Tamil. He was famous for writing historical novels.
Explanation: His writing style was very simple and he wrote in a language easily understood by readers. He wrote novels based on adventures and heroism.
Name some writers who wrote about the social economic and political condition of their region.
Some writers who wrote about the socio and political conditions of their region were:
Explanation: a) Charles Dickens – He wrote about the after-effects of industrialization in the society.
b) Jane Austen – She emphasized the practice of child marriage and dowry
c) Munshi Premchand- He wrote about the differences in the upper and lower caste.
Who wrote the popular novel called Karuna o phulmonirBibaran?
This popular Bengali novel was written by Hannah Mullen in the year 1852.
Explanation: She wrote this novel secretively. The novel was written to preach the message of Christians.
Is it correct to say that women remained a mere reader of novels written by men?
No it is not correct as they read the novels written by female authors as well. They were very inspired and encouraged by the female authors.
Explanation: For example; the novels of Jane Austen encouraged them to raise their voice and be independent.
Who is the central character of Rangbhoomi written by Premchand?
The central character of Rangbhoomi was Surdas.He was a visually impaired beggar.
Explanation: The whole story revolves around the land issues of Surda's land. He belongs to an untouchable caste. The story focuses on the struggle of Surdas to get back his land which was taken away from him forcibly.
What is the main theme of novel Godan written by Munshi Premchand?
The novel Godan is a tragic novel having a setup of a rural India. It depicts the deplorable conditions of an Indian peasant whose life was under the social and economic crisis.
Explanation: The story involves around a poor peasant named Hori and his family who are under the exploitation of moneylenders, and other government authorities.
Which was the first historical novel written in Bengal?
The first novel written in Bengal was Durgeshnandini byBankim Chandra Chattopadhyay in the year 1865. The novel was written in a different tone with a new maturity.
What makes the core theme of Emile Zola's novel ‘Germinal'?
Emile Zola's novel Termini was written about the effects of the industrial revolution.
It was about a young miner. It describes the oppression and poverty faced by them and their worsening condition.
Name the author of the novel ‘Ghare Baire’.
Ghare Baire was written by Ravindra Nath Tagore in the year 1916. It was written in the Bengali language.
Explanation: It describes the dilemma of Ravindra Nath, of his clustered thoughts and ideas of western culture and his opposition towards the same.
Who is regarded as the pioneer of modern Hindi literature?
Bharatendu Harishchandra was the pioneer of modern Hindi literature.
Explanation: He was one of the important pillars of other novelists as he always encouraged them to create and translate novels from other languages.
Whose writing in Hindi made novel-reading public?
Writings of Devaki Nandan Khatri in Hindi made novel reading public. It was his novel named Chandrakanta which had an interesting subject of romance that created an interest among the readers and made the novel popular.
What do you mean by ‘Bhatiali’?
Bhatiali is a form of folk music in both Bangladesh and West Bengal.
Explanation: It is known as a river song mostly sung by boatman while going down the river stream.
In which book Charles Dickens told us the story of a poor orphan who lived in a world of petty criminals and beggars?
Charles Dickens wrote Oliver Twist in the year 1838 that described a poor orphan who lived in a world full of petty criminals and beggars.
Explanation: This novel focussed on the terrible condition of urban life under the industrial capitalism.
Write the theme of the novel ‘pride and prejudice’ in brief.
Pride and Prejudice was a novel written by Jane Austen. The novel helped women by introducing the ideas of powerful and independent thinking. It gave women a new identity and helped in recognizing their strengths.
Explanation: The main theme of the novel was of marriage and money. It depicted how women have to always look presentable and good in order to find a good match for marriage. It focused on finding a wealthy husband with good status and reputation.
What were the advantages of vernacular novels?
Vernacular novels had many advantages. Firstly, they were written in the language which was easily understood by a common man. People used to read them individually as well as in groups too.
These novels were written in different styles of languages. The authors wrote them in classical languages and combined them with the language of the street to make them readable by everyone.
Novels of Charles Dickens deal with which changes of 19th century Britain?
Charles Dickens novels were about the various changes occurring in the society during that period of time. He wrote about the terrible effects of industrialization on people
His novels dealt with the poor conditions of peasants in society. The changes that were leading to unemployment in youth and child labour.
How did serialisation of novel increase the popularity of novels and magazines?
Serialisation of novels helped the readers to be more excited and created suspense about the next episode.
It built an interest in them which made the novels.
What do you know about Rokeya Hossein’s writings?
She was known for writing with a different purpose. Her novel "Sultan's dream" is a novel whose story is a convoluted place where both the genders switch places men take the role of women and women to take the role of men.
Explanation: Her theme of novels revolved around women that they should speak against the injustice done to them. The women should be strong and independent and always think to be as capable as men.
Explain any three main values associated with the novels of the eighteenth century.
Novels written in the eighteenth century dealt with various aspects of society. It described social problems, various political and cultural aspects. The three main values associated were:
Explanation: a) Firstly, novels written were focussed on the freedom for women.
b) It described the exploitation of common people and the need to stop it.
c) The novels aroused the need to understand the relationship between love and marriage and the proper conduct for men and women.
How did novel help in intermingling of Indian with western culture?
Social novelists faced the dilemma of accepting modernism without affecting traditional values. They, therefore, created characters like Indulekha as a woman of breathtaking beauty, high intellectual abilities, artistic talent, and with an education in English and Sanskrit and Madhavan, who used to dress in Western clothes, but, at the same time, kept a long tuft of hair, according to the Nayar custom. These characters showed readers how Indian and foreign lifestyles could be brought together in an ideal combination
How did the novel Sewasadan help in moulding the minds of the common people?
Sewasadan was one of the most influential novels written by Munshi Premchand in the year 1916. It had a message depicting the lives of common people and their social issues.
Explanation: The novel highlighted various issues like child marriage and dowry prevalent in society. It explained the practices of exploitation done by rich on poor and also women. By reading the novels, people got aware of how to deal with various problems.
‘Drawn from various strata of society, Munshi Premchand’s character create a community based on democratic value’. Substantiate this statement with two examples from any of his novels.
Munshi Premchand had the art of traditional storytelling. He was a very influential author. His novels are filled with major impacting characters inspired by society. He made a community based on democratic value by engaging and emphasising the disparity between the rich and the poor. Also, He makes the lives of the most oppressed section of society as worthy of literary reflection.
To explain this further the two examples are:
a) He wrote Sewasadan, a bold statement on the political and religious debate about child marriage and dowry system prevalent in the society. It depicts the ways in which the Indian upper classes used their power they got from colonial authorities to govern them
b) In Premchand’s Karmabhumi the social issues were discussed how political influences created differences among the family and had a great impact so far as the creation of social awareness was concerned.
How were the effects of ‘Industrial Revolution’ reflected in the novels?
The effects of the Industrial Revolution were strongly depicted in the novels. When the face of Industrialization started, many factories were established. The businesses earned profits, but eventually, all this became a problem for the workers. They were overworked and unpaid.
Explanation: Cities expanded themselves in an unregulated way. Deeply moved by all this Charles Dickens wrote about the devastating effects of industrialization. In his novels, he criticized peoples need for profits and also depicting the use of humans as being selfish and an instrument for producing. The novel of Charles Dickens 'Hard Times' describes an imaginary industrial town as a gloomy town polluted with soles from chimneys. His novel 'Oliver Twist' tells a story of a poor orphan not who lived in a world full of beggars and criminals.
How did the novel explore and depict the worlds of women? Explain by giving three examples.
During the period of 18th-century women also participated in reading the novels. The readership among women increased rapidly. This happened because the middle-class society became stable and women had leisure time which they started utilising by reading novels.
Explanation: Following are the three examples:
a) Jane Austen wrote a novel that encourages women to be independent. By reading such novels, they thought highly of them and became more confident.
b) Charlotte Bronte too was an English writer whose novels had a message describing women who broke establishing norms of society before adjusting to them.
c) Women with their own experiences wrote about their domestic family life and their emotions. They also described and thought about their Identities, experience and problems. They became more vocal and expressive.
What kind of life is depicted in the novel ‘Titash Nadir Naam’?
It was a novel written by Advaita Malls Burnaby in 1956. The novel is written about Mallas, a fisherman community in Bengal.
Explanation: The life is depicted as they had great relationships and friendships among themselves. They celebrated Holi and Kali Poona with great festivity. They took part in boat races. But they had their problems and oppressions with peasants and other upper caste related problems. The novels emphasise the separation of their community and finally breaking which ended their Malla community. This novel is related to the author because he himself belonged to this community.
How can we say that stories and prose were not new to Indian society?
There are many examples to prove that stories and prose were not new to India. Banbhatta's Kadambri novel was written in Sanskrit in the 7th century.
The stories of Panchatantra are also one example that shows that the art of writing stories and prose is an ancient one. In Indian novels, many words were taken from Urdu languages and stories. Many English language words were written in the same language without translating it into the English language.